We should, then, be more certain of the place which this goddess
occupies in the universe if we could be quite sure where Ananke is in
the Myth of Er. Without, however, raising that vexed question, we may
lay down with some confidence that, according to Theophrastos, she
occupied a position midway between the earth and the heavens. Whether we
believe in the “mixed crowns” or not makes no difference in this
respect; for the statement of Aetios that she was in the middle of the
mixed crowns undoubtedly implies that she was in that region. Now she is
identified with one of the crowns in a somewhat confused passage of
Cicero,[481] and we have seen above (p. 69) that the whole theory of
wheels or crowns was probably suggested by the Milky Way. It seems to
me, therefore, that we must think of the Milky Way as a crown
intermediate between the crowns of the Sun and the Moon, and this agrees
very well with the prominent way in which it is mentioned in fr. 11. It
is better not to be too positive about the other details of the system,
though it is interesting to notice that according to some it was
Pythagoras, and according to others Parmenides, who discovered the
identity of the evening and morning star. That fits in exactly with our
general view.[482]
Footnote 481:
Cicero, _de nat. D._ i. 11, 28: “Nam Parmenides quidem commenticium
quiddam coronae simile efficit (στεφάνην appellat), continente ardore
lucis orbem, qui cingat caelum, quem appellat deum.” We may connect
with this the statement of Aetios, ii. 20, 8, τὸν ἥλιον καὶ τὴν
σελήνην ἐκ τοῦ γαλαξίου κύκλου ἀποκριθῆναι.
Footnote 482:
Diog. ix. 23, καὶ δοκεῖ (Παρμενίδης) πρῶτος πεφωρακέναι τὸν αὐτὸν
εἶναι Ἕσπερον καὶ Φωσφόρον, ὥς φησι Φαβωρῖνος ἐν πέμπτῳ
Ἀπομνημονευμάτων· οἱ δὲ Πυθαγόραν. If, as Achilles says, the poet
Ibykos of Rhegion had anticipated Parmenides in announcing this
discovery, that is to be explained by the fact that Rhegion had become
the chief seat of the Pythagorean school.
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