The text is very corrupt here. I retain ἐκπεπυκνωμένος, because we are
told above that winds are condensed air, and I adopt Zeller’s ἀραιῷ
εἰσφέρηται (p. 246, _n._ 554).
We have seen that Anaximenes was quite justified in going back to Thales
in regard to his general theory of the primary substance; but it cannot
be denied that the effect of this upon the details of his cosmology was
unfortunate. The earth is once more imagined as a table-like disc
floating upon the air. The sun, moon, and planets are also fiery discs
which float on the air “like leaves.” It follows that the heavenly
bodies cannot be thought of as going under the earth at night, but only
as going round it laterally like a cap or a millstone.[160] This curious
view is also mentioned in Aristotle’s _Meteorology_,[161] where the
elevation of the northern parts of the earth, which makes it possible
for the heavenly bodies to be hidden from sight, is referred to. In
fact, whereas Anaximander had regarded the orbits of the sun, moon, and
stars as oblique with reference to the earth, Anaximenes regarded the
earth itself as inclined. The only real advance is the distinction of
the planets, which float freely in the air, from the fixed stars, which
are fastened to the “crystalline” vault of the sky.[162]
Footnote 159:
The source of this is Poseidonios, who used Theophrastos. _Dox._ p.
231.
Footnote 160:
Theodoret (iv. 16) speaks of those who believe in a revolution like
that of a millstone, as contrasted with one like that of a wheel.
Diels (_Dox._ p. 46) refers these similes to Anaximenes and
Anaximander respectively. They come, of course, from Aetios (Appendix,
§ 10), though they are given neither by Stobaios nor in the _Placita_.
Footnote 161:
Β, 1. 354 a 28 (R. P. 28 c).
Footnote 162:
We do not know how Anaximenes imagined the “crystalline” sky. It is
probable that he used the word πάγος as Empedokles did. Cf. Chap. V. §
112.
The earthy bodies, which circulate among the planets, are doubtless
intended to account for eclipses and the phases of the moon.[163]
Footnote 163:
See Tannery, _Science hellène_, p. 153. For the precisely similar
bodies assumed by Anaxagoras, see below, Chap. VI. § 135. See further
Chap. VII. § 151.
[Sidenote: Innumerable worlds.]
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