It is a curious fact that the Solutreans were as negligent as the Folsom
and Eden men in providing us with skulls. C. S. Coon writes, “There are
no skulls which all authorities accept as definitely belonging to that
short and far from widespread cultural phase.”[8] Hunters in Europe,
like hunters in America, seem to have taken little interest in formal
obsequies and proper burials. Nature consumed their remains.
Or Was the American Aurignacian or Magdalenian?
Even before the discovery of Folsom made early man in America look like
a fugitive from that village in France called Solutré, anthropologists
were struck by other resemblances. In 1924 the Englishman Sollas
compared the Eskimo culture with the Magdalenian.[9] In 1932 Hrdlička
was writing of an Aurignacian and Magdalenian ancestry for the American
Indian.[10] In 1933 N. C. Nelson was playing with such comparisons, and
writing of our “wooden spear and spear-thrower, perhaps of Magdalenian
affinity; our three out of four forms of Solutrean chipped blades; our
ordinary Aurignacian-like endscraper; our simple Mousterian type flake;
and, finally, our Abbevillian and Chellean varieties of the
_coup-de-poing_.”[11] In the same year Harrington was going further.
Recalling that in 1921 he had reported flint work in Cuba that was
Aurignacian in style, Harrington pointed out that the Solutrean never
reached the West Indies. “Man in a Magdalenian stage of development ...
reached America, probably via Asia, but perhaps from Europe via Iceland
and Greenland. These bands kept to the north, following up the
retreating glaciers, and became the ancestors of the Eskimo.”[12] Thomas
Jefferson had somewhat the same idea when he wrote that the Eskimos
“must be derived from the Groenlanders, and these probably from some of
the northern parts of the old continent.”[13]
Must we add the Aurignacians and Magdalenians of the end of the New
Stone Age to the Solutreans and the Australoids as early invaders of
America? The answer is dubious, for as yet northern Asia has yielded
only a little evidence of the Aurignacian and the Magdalenian.
Chopping Tools Instead of Hand Axes in Asia
[Illustration: _Showing the areas where the hand ax dominated and
those where the chopping tool took precedence. The white portions
are the ice fields of the last glaciation. (After Movius, 1944.)_]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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