The skull of this very meaningful man is not so long and narrow as the
other early craniums but not so round as most Indians’. Weidenreich, an
outstanding authority on Java man and his Peking cousin-once-removed,
has found eight features of the Tepexpan skull and bones “which are more
primitive than those usually found in modern human skulls.” The brow
ridges are very heavy and form a well marked torus, or bulge, above the
nose, “such as occurs in the Australian bushman of today and in other
‘primitive races.’” A ridge on the back of the head “resembles even the
condition found in Neanderthal skulls.”[38] Javier Romero and T. D.
Stewart, however, do not agree with Weidenreich’s analysis. Romero finds
the brow ridge “not very markedly developed.” Stewart calls it
“predominantly Indian in character.”[39]
Radiocarbon dates based upon peat and wood found some distance from the
bones of Tepexpan man, but apparently in the same layer, suggest that
the layer was formed between 11,000 and 16,000 years ago. These bones
and those of extinct animals found nearby are about equally
fossilized—much more so than the remains of more recent burials in the
same area. Still, the methods of excavation used here have been
criticized, leaving considerable doubt as to the manner in which
Tepexpan man came to his resting place.[40]
Other remains of ancient Mexicans include a jaw from Xico, Peñón man—a
heavily mineralized cranium from Peñón de los Baños, near Mexico
City—and human bones in similar condition from Iztlán, in the state of
Michoacán. The layers in which these were found tell us little
geologically. In the case of the Peñón and Iztlán finds, claims for
antiquity have been based on the fact that they are heavily mineralized,
but this may have been due to a century or less of contact with thermal
mineral waters in their neighborhood.[41]
New Finds in the United States
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