Early Renaissance Architecture in England: A Historical & Descriptive Account of the Tudor, Elizabethan, & Jacobean Periods, 1500-1625Gotch, J. Alfred (John Alfred)
History
Early Renaissance Architecture in England: A Historical & Descriptive Account of the Tudor, Elizabethan, & Jacobean Periods, 1500-1625
Kirby is freer in its treatment than Longleat, in Wiltshire, which has
to submit to a more severe symmetry (Fig. 78). The windows here are
rather overpowering, but the whole effect is restful, owing to the
strong horizontal lines, while the projecting bays entirely relieve
it from monotony. There are no gables, and apparently never were,
which is a somewhat unusual circumstance, considering the date of its
erection, 1567. Wollaton, near Nottingham (Plate XXVII.) bears some
resemblance to Longleat in its detail, but it is far more fantastic in
its treatment, and its plan places it in a category almost by itself.
It cannot be called a typical house either in its arrangement or its
design, although from its striking appearance and excellent state of
preservation it is frequently quoted as such. Its plan shows a central
hall, surrounded by a range of rooms, with a projecting pavilion or
tower at each of the four corners (Fig. 79). The general effect is
undoubtedly impressive, but the ornament is overloaded, and shows a too
careful study of extravagant Dutch models. The work, however, and the
design are those of well-instructed masons, familiar with the features
they were handling. Wollaton is another instance of combining a
central hall with a central doorway. The present flight of steps inside
the front door, together with the doors in the long sides of the hall
immediately opposite, is comparatively modern. The original approach,
after entering the front door, was up a flight of steps to the right,
at the top of which, by turning to the left (as at Fountains Hall), the
screens were gained, and the hall was entered in the usual way.
At Burghley House we revert to a simpler treatment. The main walls
are of plain masonry pierced with windows, and divided by the usual
horizontal cornices (Plate XXVIII.). Diversity is obtained by
projecting turrets, lofty bay windows, and the boldly-curved entrance
porch on the north front. There are no gables, the skyline being
broken by the turrets, the chimneys, and the ornamental parapet. It
is, perhaps, an exaggeration to say there are no gables, but there are
none in the later part built between 1575 and 1587. The great hall has
gables, but that was built some years earlier.
[Illustration: 80.--CHARLTON HOUSE, WILTSHIRE (1607).]
[Illustration: PLATE XXVIII.
BURGHLEY HOUSE, NORTHAMPTONSHIRE.
GENERAL VIEW.]
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