Earth Features and Their Meaning: An Introduction to Geology for the Student and the General ReaderHobbs, William Herbert
Science
Earth Features and Their Meaning: An Introduction to Geology for the Student and the General Reader
Hobbs, William Herbert
Geology; Physical geography
Though the same processes act in much the same manner beneath
mountain glaciers, though here upon all parts of the bed, they are,
in the earlier stages at least, subordinated to a third process more
important than the two acting together. Sculpture by mountain glaciers,
instead of reducing surface irregularities and softening outlines,
increases the accent of the relief and produces the most sharply
rugged topography that is known. In nearly all places where Alpinists
resort for difficult rock climbing, mountain glaciers are to be seen,
or the evidence for their former presence may be read in unmistakable
characters.
=Wind distribution of the snow which falls in mountains.=—Until quite
recently students of glaciation have concerned themselves but little
with the work of the wind in lifting and redistributing the snow after
it has fallen. We have already seen that, for the continental glaciers,
wind appears to be the chief transporting agent, if we except the
marginal lobes where glacier flow assumes large importance. In the case
of mountain glaciers, also, we are to find that for the earlier stages
particularly wind is of the first importance as a redistributing agent.
In the higher levels snow is swept up from the ground by all high
winds, and does not find a resting place until it is dropped beneath an
eddy in some irregularity of the surface; and if the inherited surface
be relatively smooth, this will be found in most cases upon the lee of
the mountain crest.
In normal cases at least the inherited irregularities of the higher
zones of mountain upland are the gentle depressions which develop at
the heads of streams. These become, then, the sites of snowdrifts that
are augmented in size from year to year, though at first they melt away
in the late summer.
[Illustration: FIG. 390.—Snowdrift hollowing its bed by nivation and
building a delta (at the left). Quadrant Mountain, Yellowstone National
Park.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Elsewhere in the archive
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account