The sea wave of the Iquique earthquake of May 9, 1877, like many of its
predecessors, was felt across the basin of the whole Pacific, from New
Zealand in the south, to Japan and Kamschatka in the north. And but for
the intervention of the Eurasian and American continents would have
made itself appreciable over the surface of the whole of our globe. At
places on the South American coast, it has been stated that the height
of the waves varied from twenty to eighty feet. At the Samoa Islands
the heights varied from six to twelve feet. In New Zealand the sea rose
and fell from three to twenty feet. In Australia the heights to which
the water oscillated were similar to those observed in New Zealand. In
Japan it rose and fell from five to ten feet. In this latter country,
the phenomena of sea waves which follow a destructive earthquake on the
South American coast are so well known that old residents have written
to the local papers announcing the probability of such occurrences
having taken place some twenty-five hours previously in South America.
In this way news of great calamities has been anticipated, details of
which only arrived some weeks subsequently. Just as the destructive
earthquakes of South America have announced themselves in Japan, in
a like manner the destructive earthquakes of Japan have announced
themselves upon the tide gauges of California. Similarly, but not so
frequently, disturbances shake the other oceans of the world.
For example, the great earthquake of Lisbon propagated waves to the
coasts of America, taking on their journey nine and a half hours.
_Sea waves without earthquakes._—Sometimes we get great sea waves
like abnormal tides occurring without any account of contemporaneous
earthquakes. Although earthquakes have not been recorded, these ill
understood phenomena are usually attributed to such movements.
Several examples of these are given by Mallet. Thus, at 10 A.M. on
March 2, 1856, the sea rose and fell for a considerable distance
at many places on the coast of Yorkshire. At Whitby, the tide was
described ebbing and flowing six times per hour, and this to such a
distance that a vessel entering the harbour was alternately afloat and
aground.
In 1761, on July 17, a similar phenomena was observed at the same place.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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