Christian antiquities -- England; Churches -- England
In 1827 one which was on Ripon Common was ploughed up. Its diameter was
60 feet. Another existed till comparatively recent times at Hillbury,
between Farnham and Guildford. At Pimpern, in Dorset, there was formerly
a maze of a unique design. The outline was roughly a triangle, which
enclosed nearly an acre of ground; the pathway was marked out by ridges
of earth about a foot in height, and followed a singularly intricate
course. The plough destroyed this also in 1730.
The names locally applied to these structures often imply very erroneous
ideas as to their origin and purpose. In some instances they are
ascribed to the shepherds, as if cut by them as pastime in their idle
moments; a suggestion, which a glance at the mazes themselves, with
their intricate designs and correctly formed curves, will prove to be
hardly tenable. Two other names of frequent occurrence in England are
"Troy Town," and "Julian's Bower"; the latter being connected with the
former, Julius, son of AEneas being the person alluded to. Some have
from these titles sought to trace a connection with a very ancient sport
known as the _Troy Game_, which arose in classic times, and survived
down to the Middle Ages. It consisted probably in the rhythmic
performance of certain evolutions, much after the fashion of the
"Musical Rides" executed by our cavalry. The origin of the idea is to be
sought in a passage in Virgil's AEneid (Bk. V., v. 583 _et seq._), which
has been thus translated by Kennett:--
"Files facing files their bold companions dare,
And wheel, and charge, and urge the sportive war.
Now flight they feign, and naked backs expose,
Now with turned spears drive headlong on the foes,
And now, confederate grown, in peaceful ranks they close.
As Crete's fam'd labyrinth, to a thousand ways
And endless darken'd walls the guest conveys;
Endless, inextricable rounds amuse,
And no kind track the doubtful passage shows;
So the glad Trojan youth, the winding course
Sporting pursue, and charge the rival force."
Tresco, Scilly, has a maze known as Troy-town; and it would seem that
such were once common in Cornwall, since any intricate arrangement is
often locally called by that name.
It has, however, been pointed out that most of these mazes date from a
time when classical knowledge was not widely spread in England; that, in
fact, the name has probably been given in most instances long after the
date of the construction of the work.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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