Ecclesiastical History of England, Volume 2—The Church of the CommonwealthStoughton, John
History
Ecclesiastical History of England, Volume 2—The Church of the Commonwealth
Stoughton, John
Great Britain -- Church history
existing in the hearts of bigots against persons, who with the deepest
convictions of truth, combine a candid disposition, a tolerant temper,
and a charitable judgment of their adversaries.
[Sidenote: _Cudworth--Patrick--More--Smith._]
At the same time there existed at Cambridge a noted band, including
men of great learning, intellect, and piety--who sympathized with
Lightfoot, Witchcot, and Cudworth--especially with the last two, in
their more select studies, and in their most generous sentiments.
Simon Patrick, Fellow of Queen's, was a man whom the turn of his
mind--though more devout and practical than speculative--did not
prevent from appreciating and admiring the endowments and culture of
his more gifted friends. Henry More--the Platonist and mystic, and a
disciple of Descartes, with his "Song of the Soul," and his "Conjectura
Cabalistica"--written at the request of a Quaker--full of admiration
for Pythagoras--remained Fellow and Tutor in Christ's college, although
he was offered the mastership of that foundation before it fell to
the lot of Cudworth. But in the same direction, John Smith, fellow of
Queen's, went far beyond Simon Patrick and Henry More--combining as he
did much of the practical piety of the first, with all the speculative
genius of the second. His sermons are extraordinary productions, full
of deep and comprehensive thought; which, whilst tinged with mysticism,
are truly Evangelical, and eminently adapted to build up a holy life.
Burnet remarks respecting the individuals whom we have named, "All
these, and those who were formed under them, studied to examine further
into the nature of things than had been done formerly. They declared
against superstition on the one hand, and enthusiasm on the other.
They loved the constitution of the Church, and the Liturgy, and could
well live under them. But they did not think it unlawful to live under
another form. They wished that things might have been carried with
more moderation. And they continued to keep a good correspondence
with those who had differed from them in opinion, and allowed a great
freedom both in philosophy and in divinity. From whence they were
called men of latitude, and upon this, men of narrower thoughts and
fiercer tempers fastened upon them the name of Latitudinarians. They
read Episcopius much; and the making out the reasons of things being a
main part of their studies--their enemies called them Socinians. They
were all very zealous against Popery. And so, they becoming soon very
considerable, the Papists set themselves against them to decry them as
Atheists, Deists, or at best Socinians."[282]
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