Ecclesiastical History of England, Volume 2—The Church of the CommonwealthStoughton, John
History
Ecclesiastical History of England, Volume 2—The Church of the Commonwealth
Stoughton, John
Great Britain -- Church history
One section in the Directory is "Concerning visitation of the sick."
It is observed that times of affliction are special opportunities put
into the minister's hands to communicate a word in season to weary
souls, and topics of spiritual address and advice are largely suggested
for his guidance in conducting conversation in the chamber of disease
and death. The minister is directed to admonish the patient to set
his house in order, to make provision for the payment of his debts,
to render satisfaction for any wrong he has done, to be reconciled to
his enemies, and to forgive all men their trespasses. The minister
also would, in addition to this, according to the instructions given
in the Directory, improve the occasion for the spiritual benefit of
relatives, friends, or servants present; but no mention is made, in
any way, of the administration of the Lord's supper, which, being then
regarded exclusively as a Church ordinance, both by Presbyterians
and Independents, would not be deemed a proper solemnity for a few
persons around a sick bed. But in numerous cases, beyond all doubt,
the sacrament would be administered secretly by Anglican clergymen to
persons of their own communion in the last hours of life.
[Sidenote: _The End of Life._]
The Episcopal burial service could not be used--a hardship which
can be appreciated by those, who, in the present day, occasionally
find enactments and prejudices interfering with their sentiments of
natural piety.[442] The custom of kneeling down by the side of the
corpse was pronounced by the Presbyterians to be superstitious; and all
praying, reading, and singing at funerals was forbidden. The minister
was directed simply to put people in mind of their duty of applying
"themselves to meditation and conferences suitable to the occasion."
Funeral sermons incurred from certain Divines strong objections. The
Puritans, Cartwright and Hildersam, had scrupled to allow them, and
some Reformed Churches abroad had abandoned their use. The Westminster
Assembly debated the question, and Baillie reports, that the difference
upon this point between the Scotch and some of the English brethren
appeared irreconcilable. Funeral sermons, he adds, were an abuse of
preaching, intended to humour the rich for reward, and employed in
order to augment the minister's livelihood; and, on these accounts, he
says, that they could not easily be got rid of. Yet, notwithstanding
this strong feeling against religious ceremonies at funerals, many
public ones are recorded in those times as having been conducted on a
scale of splendour surpassing anything we are familiar with now-a-days.
Pym's was very imposing; but in magnificence it was eclipsed by the
processions and formalities at the interment of the Earl of Essex,
Ireton, Blake, and Oliver Cromwell. Indeed, sometimes there seems
to have been an unusual love of display manifested at the tomb of a
Puritan grandee. In the British Museum is a curious deposition by a
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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