As at St. James’, so at Whitehall, the King provided a Roman Catholic Chapel.[163] He encouraged the fitting up of a similar place of worship at the residence of an Englishman in London, who acted as Envoy for the Elector Palatine. The Benedictines established themselves at St. James’, the Franciscans in Lincoln’s Inn Fields, the Jesuits at the Savoy, and the Carmelites in the City; and Roman Catholics are accused of having seized some of the parish churches in Lancashire.[164] [Sidenote: JAMES’ POLICY.] The religious orders of Rome, arrayed in their distinguishing costumes, now appeared in the streets of the Metropolis,--a sight which must have shocked the old Puritans--but in such exhibitions the King greatly rejoiced, prematurely exulting “that his capital had the appearance of a Catholic city.”[165] If the facts adduced be not sufficient to indicate the King’s intentions, any remaining doubts must be dispelled by turning to his private correspondence. The letters of the last two years of his reign serve the same purpose as the letters of Charles I. in the year 1646. They fully reveal his private designs, whatever, on certain occasions, he might publicly declare. They repeatedly refer to the “establishment” of the Catholic religion--which means, in the judgment of one of the calmest of critics, that he “meditated no less than to transfer to his own religion the privileges of an Established Church.”[166] What is now so manifest from this correspondence, Halifax, Nottingham, and Danby, perceived at the time, and though they differed from each other on many points they agreed on this. [Sidenote: 1686.]