In Advent, and between Septuagesima and Easter, the deacons and subdeacons were directed to substitute chasubles for their dalmatics or tunicles; and these chasubles were ordered to be worn, not in the usual manner, but folded, and passed across the breast like the diaconal stole. That is to say, the chasuble, which must have been of a flexible[96] material, was folded into a strip as narrow as possible, and secured over the shoulder and under the girdle of the alb. These were not to be worn during the whole service, however; the subdeacon had to remove his folded chasuble at the Epistle; at the Gospel the deacon had to cross his over the left arm, and so keep it till after the post-communion. There is but one representation of a deacon so vested known to exist in England. It is one of a series of sculptured effigies of ecclesiastics on the north-west tower of Wells Cathedral. These have been described by Mr St John Hope in 'Archæologia,' vol. liv. We give here the figure to which special reference is at present being made. Besides the chasuble, the effigy is vested in cassock, amice, alb, and girdle; and a book, probably meant for the Gospels, is represented as carried in the hand. It should be observed that at the mass of a feast falling within the limits of time prescribed, the ordinary dalmatic and tunicle were worn in the ordinary way. [Illustration: FIG. 30.—DEACON IN FOLDED CHASUBLE, WELLS CATHEDRAL.] This peculiar custom was unknown to the Franciscans. The deacons of this order put off the dalmatic entirely upon fast-days, and did not substitute any other vestment for it; a similar practice, with respect to the tunicle, was observed by the subdeacons, so that the deacons wore _alb_ and _stole_ only, the subdeacons _alb_ and _maniple_. This practice was not observed at the Vigils of Saints, or of the Nativity, and on a few other occasions. When a cleric of sacerdotal rank _ministered_ (as opposed to _celebrated_) at the mass, his dress was the amice, the alb, the stole, and the _cope_. The same vestments are worn by the priest at the mass of the pre-sanctified[97] on Good Friday.