[87] 'Memorials of Ripon,' vol. iii, p. 219 (Surtees Society). [Illustration] [Illustration] CHAPTER V. THE VESTMENTS OF THE EASTERN CHURCHES. The proverbial conservatism of the unchanging East, which is felt in all ecclesiastical as well as in social matters, will make our task in the present chapter much lighter. The action of evolution, which makes the history of the Western vestments so complex, is hardly felt in the East. The mediaevalism, or, rather, primaevalism, which shuts out instrumental aid from the musical portions of the Eastern service acts upon vestments in minimizing the profusion of ornamentation which plays such an important part in the externals of Western ritual. One of our earliest authorities on the subject of Eastern vesture is St Germanus of Constantinople (_circa_ 715 A.D.). In his treatise =Mystikê Theôria= he enters at considerable length into a discussion of Ecclesiastical Vestments and also of Monastic Costume, giving details, which are curious, but of little or no value, concerning the alleged symbolic meanings which they bear. In the present chapter we have to discuss the vestments of the principal Eastern Churches—the Orthodox 'Greek' Church, so called, the Armenian Church, and the remote body of Christians on the coast of Malabar. The general appearance and style of the vestments of these churches is similar; there are, however, minor differences, which will appear as we proceed. The vestments and personal ornaments of the Orthodox Greek Church are as follows: I. The =stoicharion=. II. The =epimanikia=. III. The =epitrachêlion=. IV. The =ôrarion=. V. The =zônê=. VI. The =phainolion=. VII. The =epigonation=. VIII. The =ômophorion=. IX. The =mandyas=. X. The =chamalauchê=. XI. The =exôchamalauchê=. XII. The =pateressa=. XIII. The =enkolpion=. XIV. The =sakkos=. The Armenian vestments are as follows: I. The Vakass. II. The Shapich. III. The Poor-ourar. IV. The Kodi. V. The Pasbans. VI. The Shoochar. VII. The Sagavard. [Illustration: FIG. 23.—ARMENIAN PRIEST.] The Malabar vestments are: I. The Cuthino. II. The Orro. III. The Zunro. IV. The Zando. V. The Phaino. VI. The Cap and Shoes. [Illustration: FIG. 24.—MALABAR PRIEST.]