It is remarkable how many of the terms relating to books and the external materials of literature refer primarily to the simple materials made use of by our ancestors to preserve their thoughts and the records of their lives. In _book_ itself, it is generally acknowledged we have a proof of how a primitive race, generally believed to have been the Goths, employed the durable wood of the _boc_ or beech-tree on which to inscribe their records. _Library_ and kindred words in our own and other modern languages indicate the use of the _liber_ or inner bark of a tree as a writing material; while _code_, from _caudex_, the trunk of a tree, points to the wooden tablets smeared with wax on which the ancients originally wrote. The thin wooden leaves or tablets were not like the _volumina_, rolled within one another, but, like those of our books, lay over one another. The _stilus_, or iron-pointed implement used for writing on these tablets, has its modern form in our _style_, which has come to be applied less to the manner of writing than to the mode of expression. Hence its significance has been extended so as to apply to arts other than that of composition. As advancing civilisation brought to the Western world the art of making a writing material from strips of the inner rind of the Egyptian papyrus glued together transversely, the word _paper_ was introduced, to be applied as time went on to textures made of various substances. The Greek name of the same plant (_byblos_) gives us a word used with reference to books in the composite forms of _biblio_grapher, _biblio_mania, and so forth. It is worthy of remark that in England, as well as in France, Germany, and other European countries, the simple form of this Greek word for book, our _Bible_, has come to be restricted to One Book, to the exclusion of all others. From _scheda_, a Latin word for a strip of papyrus rind, has also descended our _schedule_.