Three significant differences in sex ratio were found among the subsamples of wolf-kills: (1) wolves killed more female fawns than male fawns, but more male adults than female adults (table 2); (2) more of the adults killed in the hunted area were females, while in the wilderness more males were taken (table 3); and (3) after January 1969, when snow was unusually deep, 57 percent of the deer killed were females, compared with only 38 percent before this date. _Table 1.--Results of statistical comparisons between various samples of deer kills from northeastern Minnesota_ %: _percent_ ------:-----------:--:------:------------:--------------------:------------ : : : : : Results of : : : : : : comparisons: : Sample: : :Sample: :--------------------: Direction size :Sample :VS: size :Sample : [20]Age :[21]Sex : of :description: : :description :structures: ratios : difference ------:-----------:--:------:------------:----------:---------:------------ Wolf-kills:[22] Wolf-kills:[22] 93 Known 49 Probable Nonsig.[23] Nonsig. -- 42 Jan.-Mar. 83 Dec. 1968- Nonsig. Nonsig. -- 1967 Mar. 1969 66 Male 61 Female Nonsig. -- -- 50 Wilderness 92 Hunted area Nonsig. Nonsig. -- area 41 Adult, 64 Adult, -- Sig., More wilderness hunted area 99% females in hunted area 96 Lakes[24] 32 Inland Nonsig.[25] Nonsig. -- 66 Before 77 After Nonsig.[26] Sig., More females Feb. 1969 Jan. 1969 95% after Jan. 105 Adults 22 Fawns -- Sig., More female 95% fawns Hunter-kills: Hunter-kills: 110 Field aged, 225 Field aged, Nonsig. Nonsig. -- 1967 1968 335 Field aged 98 Lab. aged Nonsig. Nonsig. -- 132 Lab. aged, 79 Lab. aged, Nonsig. -- -- males females 89 Field aged, 246 Field aged, -- Sig., More male fawns adults 95% adults --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 433 Hunter-kills 142 Wolf-kills Sig., -- Older deer 99% in wolf-kill