Our passengers’ purses will, even if they are full of gold, no longer
be heavy in their pockets—which may give them a momentary anxiety. If
their hats are released from their hands, they will remain suspended in
the air beside them. If they happen to have scales with them, they will
notice that the pans remain poised at equal height, even if various
weights are put in one pan. All this is because the objects, as a
natural effect of their weight, fall toward the ground with the same
velocity as the lift itself. Their weight has disappeared.
* * * * *
Jules Verne described this state of things in the projectile which he
imagined taking his heroes from the earth to the moon, at the moment
when the romantic projectile reaches the “neutral point”: that is to
say, the point where it leaves the earth’s sphere of gravitation, but
has not yet entered that of the moon. We might add that Jules Verne
perpetrated a few little scientific heresies in connection with his
projectile. In particular, he forgot that, in compliance with what is
most conspicuously evident in the principle of inertia, the unfortunate
passengers ought to have been flattened like pancakes against the
bottom of the projectile when the charge was fired. He also wrongly
supposed that objects ceased to have weight in the projectile only at
the point where it was exactly between the two spheres of attraction,
that of the earth and that of the moon.
But let us overlook these trifles and return to the admirable
illustration he has prophetically provided for our convenience in
explaining Einstein’s system.
Let us take the projectile when it begins to fall freely toward the
moon.[9] It is evident that from this point onward, until it lands on
the moon, it will behave exactly like the lift which we have described.
[9] It is obvious that we assume the projectile to be without rotation:
that is to say, the Columbia cannon must not, in our hypotheses, be
rifled. This is indispensable, for if the projectile turned, there
would be centrifugal effects which would greatly complicate both the
phenomena and our argument.
During this fall upon the moon the passengers, if they have
miraculously escaped being flattened at the start, will see the various
objects about them suddenly deprived of their weight, floating in the
air, and, at the slightest shake, adhering to the walls or the vaulted
roof of the projectile. They will feel themselves extraordinarily
light, and they will be able to make prodigious leaps without any
effort. This is because they and all the objects about them fall
toward the moon with the same velocity as the projectile. Hence the
disappearance of weight or gravitation, which vanish as if spirited
away by some magician. The magician is the properly accelerated
movement, the unimpeded fall of the observers.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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