Einstein's Theories of Relativity and Gravitation: A selection of material from the essays submitted in the competition for the Eugene Higgins prize of $5,000Bird, J. Malcolm (James Malcolm)
Philosophy
Einstein's Theories of Relativity and Gravitation: A selection of material from the essays submitted in the competition for the Eugene Higgins prize of $5,000
Bird, J. Malcolm (James Malcolm)
Relativity (Physics)
Suppose we take some particular event as the one from which to measure,
and agree upon the directions to be taken by our space axes, and make
any convention about our time-axis which subsequent investigation
may show to be necessary. Certainly then the act of measuring so many
miles north, and so many west, and so many down, and so many seconds
backward, brings us to a definite time and place--which is to say,
to a definite event. Perhaps nothing "happened" there, in the sense
in which we usually employ the word; but that is no more serious
than if we were to locate a point with reference to our familiar
space coordinate system, and find it to lie in the empty void of
interstellar space, with no material body occupying it. In this
second case we still have a point, which requires, to insure its
existence and location, three coordinates and nothing more; in the
first case we still have an event, which requires for its existence
and definition four coordinates and nothing more. It is not an event
about which the headline writers are likely to get greatly excited;
but what of that? It is there, ready and waiting to define any physical
happening that falls upon it, just as the geometer's point is ready
and waiting to define any physical body that chances to fall upon it.
A CONTINUUM OF POINTS
It is now in order to introduce a word, which I shall have to confess
the great majority of the essayists introduce, somewhat improperly,
without explanation. But when I attempt to explain it, I realize
quite well why they did this. They had to have it; and they didn't
have space in their three thousand words to talk adequately about
it and about anything else besides. The mathematician knows very
well indeed what he means by a continuum; but it is far from easy
to explain it in ordinary language. I think I may do best by talking
first at some length about a straight line, and the points on it.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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