Einstein, the searcher : $b his work explained from dialogues with EinsteinMoszkowski, Alexander
Philosophy
Einstein, the searcher : $b his work explained from dialogues with Einstein
Moszkowski, Alexander
Einstein, Albert, 1879-1955; Relativity (Physics)
"I WISH to ask you. Professor, to help me over a difficulty and to treat
me as the spokesman of a great number who are similarly troubled. In
most accounts of your theory of relativity, there is a dearth of
definite, concrete, illustrative examples on which we can fix our minds
whenever the theorem is to be applied generally without limitation. Let
me express this more precisely: Your simplified picture of the structure
of the universe is achieved in the theory of relativity by emancipating
all observations from fixed co-ordinate systems, and by proclaiming the
equivalence of all systems of reference. One of your earliest theorems
states that physical laws describing how the states of physical systems
alter, remain the same, no matter to which of two co-ordinate systems
these states are referred, provided that the co-ordinate systems are
moving rectilinearly and uniformly relatively to one another. This
theorem entails the following statement. If we--erroneously--adopt a
non-relativistic view, we shall come to the conclusion that physical
laws depend on the particular system of reference chosen, and will thus
assume a different form for each different system. At this point we
experience a desire to hear definite examples. What varying forms may a
certain given physical law, known under a definite form, assume, and how
can we use this law to show that it must adapt itself to the postulate
of relativity?"
Einstein explained that such examples cannot be given in special cases,
but only in very general terms. If we were to suggest the elliptic
orbits of the planets (at which I had hinted in my remarks), we should
fall into error, for the law of elliptic orbits is no such law. For,
from another point of view, the elliptic paths of the planets might be
drawn out into wavy lines, or into spirals, and they would remain
ellipses only as long as the lines of motion are referred to the central
attracting body. But the constancy of the velocity of light is such a
law, as also is the law of inertia, according to which a body that is
left to itself moves uniformly in a straight line.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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