Elementary Zoology, Second EditionKellogg, Vernon L. (Vernon Lyman)
Science
Elementary Zoology, Second Edition
Kellogg, Vernon L. (Vernon Lyman)
Animals; Zoology
In New Mexico, Arizona, and northern Mexico the only existing poisonous
lizards, the Gila Monster (_Heloderma_) (fig. 126) is found. This is a
heavy, deep-black, orange-mottled lizard about sixteen inches long.
There is much variance of belief among people regarding the Gila
Monster, but recent experiments have proved the poisonous nature of the
animal. The poison which is secreted by glands in the lower jaw flows
along the grooved teeth into the wound. A beautiful and interesting
little lizard found in the South is the green chameleon (_Anolis
principalis_). Its body is about three inches long with a slender tail
of five or six inches. The normal color of the chameleon is grass-green,
but it may "assume almost instantly shades varying from a beautiful
emerald to a dark and iridescent bronze color."
In the tropics many of the lizards reach great size and are of strange
shape and patterns. The flying dragons (_Draco_) have a sort of
parachute on each side of the body composed of a fold of skin
supported by five or six false posterior ribs. These lizards live in
the trees of the East Indies and "fly" or sail from tree to tree. They
are very beautifully colored. The iguanas (_Iguana_) of the tropics of
South America are commonly used for food. They live mostly in trees,
and reach a length of five or six feet. The monitor (_Varanus
niloticus_) is a great water-lizard that lives in the Nile, and feeds
on crocodiles' eggs, of which it destroys great numbers. It is the
principal enemy of the crocodile. When full grown it reaches a length
of six feet or even more.
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