Elements of metaphysicsTaylor, A. E. (Alfred Edward)
Philosophy
Elements of metaphysics
Taylor, A. E. (Alfred Edward)
Metaphysics
At this point light seems to be thrown on the puzzle by the doctrine of
Leibnitz,[87] that the only way in which a unity can, without ceasing to
be such, contain an indefinite multiplicity is by “representation.”
Experience, in fact, presents us with only one example of a unity which
remains indubitably one while embracing an indefinite multiplicity of
detail, namely, the structure of our experience itself. For the single
experience regularly consists of a multiplicity of mental states, both
“focal” and “marginal,” simultaneous and successive, which are
nevertheless felt as one single whole because they form the expression
of a coherent purpose or interest. And this conscious unity of feeling,
determined by reference to a unique interest, is the only instance to
which we can point when we desire to show by an actual illustration how
what is many can at the same time be one. If we can think of the thing’s
qualities and the law of their connection as standing to one another in
the same way as the detailed series of acts embodying a subjective
interest of our own, and the interest itself which by its unity confers
a felt unity on the series, we can in principle comprehend how the many
qualities belong to the one thing. In that case the thing will be one
“substance” as the embodiment of an individual experience, determined by
a unique subjective interest, and therefore possessing the unity of
immediate feeling. Its many qualities will “belong” to it in the same
sense in which the various constituents of an experience thus unified by
immediate feeling are said to “belong” to the single experience they
constitute. And thus our idealistic interpretation of the general nature
of Reality will be found to contain the solution of the problem of
Substance and Quality.
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