Elements of metaphysicsTaylor, A. E. (Alfred Edward)
Philosophy
Elements of metaphysics
Taylor, A. E. (Alfred Edward)
Metaphysics
Thus we see that it seems necessary to draw a marked distinction between
two types of calculability. Calculation based on insight into individual
character and purpose is so far from being inconsistent with
purposiveness and intelligence, that the more coherent and systematic
the purposes by which a life is controlled, the more confident does such
calculation become. Calculation without such special knowledge, and
based upon mere general propositions, on the other hand, cannot be
regularly successful where one has to deal with the behaviour of
individual purposive beings.[129]
Now, the difficulty as to our interpretation of the physical order as
the presentation to our sense of a system of intelligent purposive
beings, is that the successes of physical science seem at first sight to
show that just this “mechanical” calculation of the course of events
from observed sequence, without insight into underlying individual
purpose, _is_ possible when we are dealing with physical nature. For, on
the one hand, we ourselves admitted that if physical nature is permeated
by individual purposes, we do not know what those purposes in detail
are; and, on the other, it is undeniable that physical science, which
systematically disregards their presence, has been signally successful
in the past, and may be expected to be even more successful in the
future, in detecting uniformities in physical nature, and so submitting
it to exact calculation. Hence it might be thought that the actual
success of the empirical sciences cannot be reconciled with the
principles of our metaphysical interpretation of the course of nature.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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