466. Combinations of the elements, in accordance with the laws of the world, are upon the finite planet particular or individual bodies. The kingdoms of nature are the totality of particular bodies. 467. That which is not a Particular belongs not to the kingdoms of nature, and thus also does not come within the province of Natural History, but of Physics. 468. The earth-element lies at the basis of all the combinations of the elements. These combinations are therefore ascensions or retrogressions in creation. Only three such combinations are therefore possible, viz. 1. Of the earth with water, or air, or fire--binary combination. 2. Of the earth with water and air, without fire--ternary combination. 3. Of the earth with water, air, and fire--quaternary combination. 469. Out of the binary combination the quiescent bodies originate, for they are only a part of the planet--_Minerals_, _Earths_. 470. Out of the ternary combination originate bodies that are internally moved, for they are a whole planet in Particulars--_Plants_. 471. Out of the quaternary combination particular bodies, moved throughout and rotating around themselves, originate; for they are representations of the whole universe--_Animals_. Individual bodies that are moved internally are called organic. 472. There can be therefore only _three_ Kingdoms of Nature. The first consists simply of individualities, because it is not the equal proportion of all the elements. The two other kingdoms, however, are combinations of the individualities of the earth-element with two or three elements, and are thus equivalent to the planet or to the whole universe. The organic bodies are thus combinations of the Singular with the Whole, and supply the third part of the Philosophy of Nature, the Organology. FIRST KINGDOM. MINERAL OR EARTH KINGDOM. 473. Uni-or bin-elementary terrestrial bodies are minerals or earths; their development is Mineralogy in the general sense of that term. The earths regarded individually gives us the science of _Mineralogy_ proper; combined to form a whole, that of _Geology_. I.--_MINERALOGY._ 474. Mineralogy teaches us the development of the earth-element. 475. The earth-element does not exist universally, but only in particular bodies or individuals. There is no general earth, but it is either silicious earth or common salt, sulphur or iron, and so on. 476. The earth-element or the earth can only sustain changes, which are permanent or abiding; for in it alone fixation has become formation, in which the atoms do not move, or whereby at least a constant individual character of body, or one that is chemical, becomes apparent. The changes undergone by the other three elements are not constant, because of the atoms ceaselessly moving and balancing themselves. They do not exist individually, but only universally. There is only _one_ water, _one_ air, and only _one_ fire; there are therefore no igneous, aerial, and aqueous individuals.