This is rare, however. At other times
its form is very irregular, being most prominent at the part where the
accumulation of the blood is least resisted. Pulsation in the tumour
is distinct from the first, and is painful to the patient; and in the
external aneurisms it is so strong as to be perceived by a bystander
at a considerable distance. The tumour is at first compressible, and
completely disappears on firm pressure being applied, either directly
to the sac, or to the artery above, the sac being thereby emptied of
its contents, or prevented from being filled. It may sometimes be
difficult to form an accurate diagnosis, from the circumstance that
tumours, not aneurismal, receive a pulsatory movement from an artery
or from arteries immediately beneath them; such difficulty is obviated
by attention to this simple test—that in an aneurism the pulsation is
felt equally in all directions. Besides, if the tumour is moveable,
it can be partially displaced, so as not to lie immediately over a
large artery, and, if it be not aneurismal, it will then be found to
possess no pulsation; if it be an aneurism, its pulsation will not be
diminished by any change of position.
The blood contained within the aneurismal sac, being comparatively
motionless, coagulates, and the coagulum is attached to the inner
surface; at first it contains red globules, but it afterwards loses
them, and becomes of a pale hue, consisting solely of fibrin. This
coating gradually increases, and attains no small thickness, fresh
portions of fibrin being superadded in concentric laminæ. These layers
are chiefly deposited from the blood within the cavity, but they also
appear to receive addition from lymph being effused by the vessels
proper to the original parietes of the tumour. By such thickening, it
can be easily conceived that the pulsation will be somewhat lessened.
In large aneurisms the accumulation and deposit of fibrin may be much
greater at some points than at others, and hence pulsation may be
rendered “not equal in all directions.” It is not, however, diminished
to any great extent; for absorption of one or more points occurs, and
the coating is again attenuated.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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