This disease is one of the most intractable with which the surgeon
has to contend. In the acute form, time is scarcely allowed for
remedies; and in the advanced stage, it is with much difficulty that
medicine can be received internally. Of course all irritations must be
removed, both local and general, as far as that can be accomplished.
If the patient be robust, and if the tetanic symptoms be ushered in
with arterial incitement, general depletion ought certainly to be
practised; and if the symptoms be such as to render the propriety of
general bleeding dubious, blood may be abstracted locally, from the
back of the head, or along the spine; and this may be followed by such
counter-irritants as act rapidly. At the same time, powerful purgatives
must be given, so as to bring the bowels into a better state; for, as
already observed, obstinate constipation is a constant attendant on
this disease. But the most important indication is to alleviate and
prevent, if possible, the spasms; and for this purpose, opium is to be
administered in large doses, either by itself, or combined with camphor
or other antispasmodics. By such means, the disease has in some cases
been arrested, but in the majority it has proceeded unabated. Some
practitioners recommend and employ cold affusion and immersion, whilst
others prefer the warm bath; and the latter appears to be the safer
application, though neither can be considered as efficacious. Great
relief and benefit seem to have accrued from the frequently repeated
use of a warm bath, with some drachms of the tart. antimonii dissolved
in it. I have had only two opportunities of trying this practice; one a
chronic ease, where, after the division of the nerves proceeding from
the wound, this remedy, with others, seemed to allay the spasms in a
very remarkable manner: the patient recovered. In the other, a very
acute case, after the extraction of a splinter from betwixt the thumb
and forefinger, the bath was tried; the patient felt much comforted by
it; but suddenly expired in a violent convulsion, whilst being replaced
in bed. Great relaxation follows this remedy, profuse perspiration,
and subsidence of the rigidity and convulsive action of the muscles.
The practice was recommended to my notice by my excellent friend Dr.
Stevens, Professor of Surgery at New York. In some cases, it would be
worth trial to produce instant vesication by the acetic solution of
cantharides or ammonia, and then try the effect of the application
to the blistered surface of some of the alkaloids, such as morphia,
aconitine, &c., or belladonna might be applied.
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