Every one who has considered the manner of life among the
ancients, attributes the strength of body and mind by which they
are distinguished from the men of our own day to their gymnastic
exercises. The stress laid by Montaigne upon this opinion, shows
that it had made a great impression on him; he returns to it again
and again. Speaking of a child's education he says, "To strengthen
the mind you must harden the muscles; by training the child to labour
you train him to suffering; he must be broken in to the hardships
of gymnastic exercises to prepare him for the hardships of dislocations,
colics, and other bodily ills." The philosopher Locke, the worthy
Rollin, the learned Fleury, the pedant De Crouzas, differing as
they do so widely from one another, are agreed in this one matter
of sufficient bodily exercise for children. This is the wisest of
their precepts, and the one which is certain to be neglected. I
have already dwelt sufficiently on its importance, and as better
reasons and more sensible rules cannot be found than those in Locke's
book, I will content myself with referring to it, after taking the
liberty of adding a few remarks of my own.
The limbs of a growing child should be free to move easily in his
clothing; nothing should cramp their growth or movement; there
should be nothing tight, nothing fitting closely to the body, no
belts of any kind. The French style of dress, uncomfortable and
unhealthy for a man, is especially bad for children. The stagnant
humours, whose circulation is interrupted, putrify in a state of
inaction, and this process proceeds more rapidly in an inactive and
sedentary life; they become corrupt and give rise to scurvy; this
disease, which is continually on the increase among us, was almost
unknown to the ancients, whose way of dressing and living protected
them from it. The hussar's dress, far from correcting this fault,
increases it, and compresses the whole of the child's body, by way
of dispensing with a few bands. The best plan is to keep children
in frocks as long as possible and then to provide them with loose
clothing, without trying to define the shape which is only another
way of deforming it. Their defects of body and mind may all be
traced to the same source, the desire to make men of them before
their time.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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