[6] R. B. Anderson's Viking Tales, p. 240. [7] Referring to Sveaborg, Finland, built according to the plans of Field-Marshal Count Augustus Ehrensvärd, whose name is hewn in gigantic characters on the granite rock from which the great ship-basin is constructed. [8] R. B. Anderson's Viking Tales, p. 171. [9] R. B. Anderson's Viking Tales, p. 175. [10] R. B. Anderson's Viking Tales, p. 356-7. [11] R. B. Anderson's Viking Tales, p. 308. [12] R. B. Anderson's Viking Tales, p. 196. [13] R. B. Anderson's Viking Tales, p. 157. [14] R. B. Anderson's Viking Tales, p. 157. [15] R. B. Anderson's Viking Tales, p. 237. [16] R. B. Anderson's Viking Tales, p. 341. [17] R. B. Anderson's Viking Tales, p. 213. [18] R. B. Anderson's Viking Tales, p. 213. [19] R. B. Anderson's Viking Tales, pp. 97, 98. [20] R. B. Anderson's Viking Tales, p. 82. [21] R. B. Anderson's Viking Tales, p. 292. [22] "Lovely Rose" is a passionate love-song, whose interest centres in the anguish of a butterfly at being removed from the rose at night, and only being permitted to caress her during the day. [23] R. B. Anderson's Viking Tales, p. 269-271. [Illustration: GUSTAVE FLAUBERT.] GUSTAVE FLAUBERT. 1881. Gustave Flaubert was born at Rouen, in the year 1821. When, in 1880, he was snatched away by sudden death, he did not leave European literary art in the same condition in which he had found it. No artist, as such, could desire to hand down to posterity a better renown. The work of his life marks a step in the history of the novel. He was a prose author of the first rank; for several years indeed no one stood higher than he in France. His strength as a prosaist reposed upon an artistic and literary conscientiousness, which was exalted almost to the dignity of genius. He became a great artist because he was unsparing in his efforts, both when he was making preparations to write and when he was engaged in writing; he collected the results of his observations, facts, and illustrations, with the painstaking of a mere savant, while striving, with the passionate eagerness of a mere adorer of form, to fashion his materials in a plastic and harmonious manner. He became a master of modern fiction because he was sufficiently self-denying to be willing to represent real psychological events alone, and to shun all effects of poetic eloquence, all pathetic or dramatic situations which appeared beautiful or interesting at the expense of the truth. His name is synonymous with artistic earnestness and literary rigor.