BONE, HENRY (1755-1834), English enamel painter, was born at Truro. He was much employed by London jewellers for small designs in enamel, before his merits as an artist were well known to the public. In 1800 the beauty of his pieces attracted the notice of the Royal Academy, of which he was then admitted as an associate; in 1811 he was made an academician. Up to 1831 he executed many beautiful miniature pieces of much larger size than had been attempted before in England; among these his eighty-five portraits of the time of Queen Elizabeth, of different sizes, from 5 by 4 to 13 by 8 in. are most admired. They were disposed of by public sale after his death. His Bacchus and Ariadne, after Titian, painted on a plate, brought the great price of 2200 guineas. BONE (a word common in various forms to Teutonic languages, in many of which it is confined to the shank of the leg, as in the German _Bein_), the hard tissue constituting the framework of the animal skeleton. For anatomy see SKELETON and CONNECTIVE TISSUES. BONE DISEASES AND INJURIES.--The more specific diseases affecting the bones of the human body are treated under separate headings; in this article _inflammation of bone_ and _fractures_ are dealt with. Ostitis. _Ostitis_ ([Greek: osteon], bone), or inflammation of bone, may be acute or chronic. _Acute ostitis_ is one of the most serious diseases which can be met with in young people. It is due to the cultivation of virulent germs in the delicate growing tissue of the bone and in the marrow. Another name for it is _septic osteomyelitis_, which has the advantage of expressing the cause as well as the exact seat ([Greek: myelos], marrow) of the inflammation. The name of the micro-organism causing the inflammation is _Staphylococcus pyogenes aureus_, which means that the germs collect in clusters like grapes, that they are of the virulent pus-producing kind, and that they have a yellow tinge. As a rule, the germs find their way to the bone by the blood-stream, which they have entered through the membrane lining the mouth or gullet, or some other part of the alimentary canal. In the pre-antiseptic days they often entered the sawn bone during the amputation of a limb, and were not infrequently the cause of blood-poisoning and death. When the individual is well and strong, and there has been no hurt, strain or accident to lower the power of resistance of the bone, the staphylococci may circulate harmlessly in the blood, until they are gradually eaten up by the white corpuscles; but if a bone has been injured it offers a likely and attractive focus to the wandering germs.