Badeni again attempted to conciliate Bohemia. He did not indeed consider it feasible to reopen the question of its autonomy, but he endeavoured to remedy some of the most serious grievances of the country. In the beginning of 1897 Count Badeni issued a decree which stated that after a certain date all government officials who wished to be employed in Bohemia would have to prove a certain knowledge of the Bohemian as well as of the German language. This decree met with violent opposition on the part of the German inhabitants of Austria, and caused the fall of Count Badeni's cabinet at the end of the year 1897. After a brief interval he was succeeded by Count Thun and then by Count Clary, whose government repealed the decrees that had to a certain extent granted equal rights to the Bohemian language. In consequence troubles broke out in Prague, and were severely repressed by the Austrian authorities. During the subsequent ministries of Korber and Gautsch the Bohemians continued to oppose the central government of Vienna, and to assert their national rights. See generally Count Lutzow, _Bohemia, a Historical Sketch_ (London, 1896). The valuable collection of historical documents entitled _Fontes Rerum Bohemicarum_, published at Prague in the latter part of the 19th century, has superseded earlier ones such as Freherus (Marquard Freher), _Rerum Bohemicarum Antiqui Scriptores_. Similarly, the earlier historical works of Pubitschka, Pelzl and De Florgy are superseded by Frantisek Palacky's _Geschichte von Bohmen_ (Prague, 1844-1867), which, however, ends with the year 1526. Rezek, Gindely and others have dealt with the history of Bohemia posterior to the year 1526. Professor Adolf Bachmann published (vol. i. in 1899, vol. ii. 1905) a _Geschichte Bohmens_ up to 1526, which has a strongly marked German tendency. Of French works Professor Ernest Denis's _Jean Hus, et la guerre des Hussites_ (Paris, 1878), _Fin de l'independance boheme_ (2 vols., 1890), and _La Boheme depuis la Montagne Blanche_ (2 vols., 1903), give a continuous account of Bohemian history from the beginning of the 15th century. (L.) LITERATURE