Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, "Echinoderma" to "Edward, prince of Wales": Volume 8, Slice 10Various
Science
Encyclopaedia Britannica, 11th Edition, "Echinoderma" to "Edward, prince of Wales": Volume 8, Slice 10
Various
Encyclopedias and dictionaries
Another remarkable eclipse period recurs at the end of 358 lunations. At
the end of this period the line of mean conjunction ES1 falls so near
its former position relative to the node that we find each central
eclipse visible in our time to be one of an unbroken series extending
from the earliest historic times to the present, at intervals equal to
the length of the period. The recurring eclipses in this period do not,
however, have the remarkable similarity of those belonging to the Saros,
but may differ to any extent, owing to the different positions of the
line of conjunction with respect to the moon's perigee. Moreover, they
recur alternately at the ascending and descending node. The length of
the period is 10,571.95 days, or 29 Julian years less 20.3 days. Hence
18 periods make 521 years, so that at the end of this time each eclipse
recurs on or about the same day of the year. As an example of this
series, starting from the eclipse of Nineveh, June 15, 763 B.C.,
recorded on the Assyrian tablets, we find eclipses on May 27, 734 B.C.,
May 7, 705 B.C., and so on in an unbroken series to 1843, 1872 and 1901,
the last being the 93rd of the series. Those at the ends of the 521-year
intervals occurred on June 15, O.S., of each of the years 763, 242 B.C.,
A.D. 280, 801, 1322 and 1843. As the lunar perigee moves through 242.4°
in a period, the eclipses will vary from total to annular, but at the
end of 3 periods the perigee is only 7.1° in advance of its original
position relative to the node. Hence in a series including every third
eclipse the eclipses will be of the same character through a thousand
years or more. Thus the eclipses of 1467, 1554, 1640, 1727, 1814, 1901,
1988, &c., are total.
IV. _Chronological Lists of Eclipses of the Sun._
Notable eclipses.
The following is a brief chronological enumeration of those total
eclipses of the sun which are of interest, either from their historic
celebrity or the nature of the conclusions derived from them. In
numbering the years before the Christian era the astronomical
nomenclature is used, in which the number of the year is one less than
that used by the chronologists. The Chinese eclipses are passed over,
owing to the generally doubtful character of the records pertaining to
them.
--1069 June 20 and --1062 July 31; total eclipses recorded at Babylon.
--762, June 14; a total eclipse recorded at Nineveh. Computation from
the modern tables shows that the path of totality passed about 100 m.
or more north of Nineveh.
--647, April 6; total eclipse at or near Thasos, mentioned by
Archilochus.
--584, May 28; the celebrated eclipse of Thales. For an account of
this eclipse see THALES.
--556, May 19, the eclipse of Larissa. The modern tables show that the
eclipse was not total at Larissa, and the connexion of the classical
record with the eclipse is doubtful.
--430, August 3; eclipse mentioned by Thucydides, but not total by the
tables.
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