The Public Health Acts 1875 to 1907 contain elaborate provisions for
dealing with nuisances. Those which are dealt with summarily are thus
enumerated:--(1) any premises in such a state as to be a nuisance or
injurious to health; (2) any pool, ditch, gutter, watercourse, privy,
urinal, cesspool, drain or ashpit so foul or in such a state as to be
injurious to health; (3) any animal so kept as to be a nuisance or
injurious to health; (4) any accumulation or deposit which is a
nuisance or injurious to health; (5) any house or part of a house so
overcrowded as to be dangerous or injurious to the health of the
inmates, whether or not members of the same family; (6) any factory,
workshop or workplace not already under the operation of any general
act for the regulation of factories or bakehouses not kept in a
cleanly state or not ventilated in such a manner as to render harmless
as far as practicable any gases, vapours, dust or other impurities
generated in the course of the work carried on therein that are a
nuisance or injurious to health, or so overcrowded while work is
carried on as to be dangerous or injurious to the health of those
employed therein; (7) any fireplace or furnace which does not as far
as practicable consume the smoke arising from the combustible used
therein, and which is used for working engines by steam or in any
mill, factory, dye-house, brewery, bakehouse or gas work, or in any
manufacturing or trade process whatsoever; and (8) any chimney not
being the chimney of a private dwelling-house sending forth black
smoke in such quantity as to be a nuisance. The nuisances above
enumerated are said to be nuisances liable to be dealt with summarily.
It is the duty of every district council to inspect their district
with a view to the discovery of any such nuisances. In the event of
such discovery by them or of information given to them of the
existence of any such nuisance, the district council are required to
serve a notice requiring the abatement of the nuisance on the person
by whose act, default or sufferance it arises or continues, or if such
person cannot be found, on the owner or occupier of the premises at
which the nuisance arises. The notice must require the abatement of
the nuisance within a specified time, and must prescribe the works
which in the opinion of the council are necessary to be done. If the
nuisance arises from the absence or defective construction of any
structural convenience, or if there is no occupier of the premises,
the notice must be served upon the owner. If the person who causes the
nuisance cannot be found, and it is clear that the nuisance does not
arise or continue by the act, default or sufferance of the owner or
occupier of the premises, the local authority may themselves abate the
nuisance without further order. If the person on whom the notice is
served objects to give effect to it, he may be summoned before
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