1907 the government of India established a Research Institute, with six members engaged in collecting data regarding silviculture, forest botany, forest zoology, forest economics, working plans, and chemistry in connexion with forest produce and production. The institute is likely to lead to further substantial progress in the management of the forests. The financial results of forest administration in India for the years 1865 to 1905 show the progress made: +-----------+--------------+-----------------+ | | Mean Annual | Percentage of | | Period. | Net Revenue. | Annual Increase | | | | during Period. | +-----------+--------------+-----------------+ | | Rupees. | | | | | | | 1865-1870 | 1,372,733 | . . | | 1870-1875 | 1,783,248 | 30 | | 1875-1880 | 2,224,687 | 25 | | 1880-1885 | 3,385,745 | 52 | | 1885-1890 | 5,066,671 | 50 | | 1890-1895 | 7,370,572 | 44 | | 1895-1900 | 7,923,484 | 7 | | 1900-1905 | 9,004,367 | 12 | +-----------+--------------+-----------------+ The highest percentage of increase occurred in the period 1880-1885. The revenue since 1886 has been considerably increased by the annexation of Upper Burma. Apart from the net revenue, large quantities of produce are given free of charge, or at reduced rates, to the people of the country. Thus, in 1904-1905, the net revenue amounted to Rs. 11,062,094, while the produce given free or at reduced rates was valued at Rs. 3,500,661, making a total net benefit derived from the state forests during that year of Rs. 14,562,755, or in round figures one million pounds sterling. The out-turn during the same year amounted to 252 million cub. ft. of timber and fuel and 215 million bamboos. The receipts from the sale of other forest produce came to 9 million rupees, out of a total gross revenue of 24 million rupees. These results are highly creditable to the government of India, which has led the way towards the introduction of rational forest management into the British empire, thus setting an example which has been followed more or less by various colonies. Even the movement in the United Kingdom during late years is due to it. Apart from India, substantial progress has been made in Cape Colony, Ceylon, the Straits Settlements and the Federated Malay States. Other British colonies are more backward in this respect. Energetic action is urgently wanted, especially in Canada and Australasia, where an enormous state property is threatened by destruction.