2. The chief product of the Southern forest is the yellow pine. This is the collective term for the longleaf, shortleaf, loblolly and Cuban pines. Of these the longleaf pine (_Pinus palustris_ Mill.), called pitch-pine in Europe, is the most important. Its timber is probably superior in strength and durability to that of any other member of the genus _Pinus_, and in addition to its value as a timber tree it is the source of naval stores in the United States. The average size of the mature longleaf pine is 90 ft. in height and 20 in. in diameter. Shortleaf (_Pinus echinata_) and loblolly (_P. taeda_) are other important members of this group. Their wood very closely resembles that of the longleaf pine and is often difficult to distinguish from it. The trees are also of about the same size and height. Loblolly is, however, of more rapid growth. The total cut of yellow pine in 1906 was 11,661,000,000 board ft.; it has perhaps not yet reached its maximum, but is certainly near it. Another important coniferous tree of the Southern forest is the bald cypress (_Taxodium distichum_), which grows in the swamps. The cut in 1906 was 839,000,000 board ft., a gain of 69% over 1899. 3. But the great supply of coniferous timber is now on the Pacific Coast. The Douglas fir (_Pseudotsuga taxifolia_), also known as Douglas spruce, red fir and Oregon pine, is the foremost tree in Oregon and Washington, and the redwood in California. When mature the Douglas fir averages 200 ft. in height and 4 ft. in diameter, and the redwood 225 ft. in height and 8 ft. in diameter. Other important trees of the Pacific Coast are sugar pine (_Pinus lambertiana_), western red cedar (_Thuja plicata_), western larch (_Larix occidentalis_), Sitka spruce (_Picea sitchensis_), western hemlock (_Tsuga heterophylla_) and western yellow pine (_Pinus ponderosa_). These trees will all be of increasing importance.