The general legislation of the period has been discussed by Ph. Sagnac, _La Legislation civile de la Revolution Francaise_ (Paris, 1898). The best work upon the social life of the period is the _Histoire de la societe francaise sous la Revolution_, by E. and J. de Goncourt (Paris, 1889). For military history see A. Duruy, _L'Armee royale en 1789_ (Paris, 1888); E. de Hauterive, _L'Armee sous la Revolution, 1789-1794_ (Paris, 1894); A. Chuquet, _Les Guerres de la Revolution_ (Paris, 1886, &c.). See also the memoirs and biographies of the distinguished soldiers of the Republic and Empire, too numerous for citation here. Modern lives of the principal actors in the Revolution are numerous. Among the most important are _Memoires de Mirabeau_, by L. de Montigny (Paris, 1834); _Les Mirabeau_, by L. de Lomenie (Paris, 1889-1891); H. L. de Lanzac de Laborie's _Jean Joseph Mounier_ (Paris, 1889); B. Mallet's _Mallet du Pan and the French Revolution_ (London, 1902); Robinet's _Danton_ (Paris, 1889); Hamel's _Histoire de Robespierre_ (Paris, 1865-1867) and _Histoire de St-Just_ (2 vols., Brussels, 1860); A. Bigeon, _Sieyes_ (Paris, 1893); _Memoirs of Carnot_, by his son (2 vols., Paris, 1861-1864). For fuller information see M. Tourneux, _Les Sources bibliographiques de l'histoire de la Revolution Francaise_ (Paris, 1898, etc.), and _Bibliographie de l'histoire de Paris pendant la Revolution_ (Paris, 1890, etc.). (F. C. M.) _French Republican Calendar._--Among the changes made during the Revolution was the substitution of a new calendar, usually called the revolutionary or republican calendar, for the prevailing Gregorian system. Something of the sort had been suggested in 1785 by a certain Riboud, and a definite scheme had been promulgated by Pierre Sylvain Marechal (1750-1803) in his _Almanach des honnetes gens_ (1788). The objects which the advocates of a new calendar had in view were to strike a blow at the clergy and to divorce all calculations of time from the Christian associations with which they were loaded, in short, to abolish the Christian year; and enthusiasts were already speaking of "the first year of liberty" and "the first year of the republic" when the national convention took up the matter in 1793. The business of drawing up the new calendar was entrusted to the president of the committee of public instruction, Charles Gilbert Romme (1750-1795), who was aided in the work by the mathematicians Gaspard Monge and Joseph Louis Lagrange, the poet Fabre d'Eglantine and others. The result of their labours was submitted to the convention in September; it was accepted, and the new calendar became law on the 5th of October 1793. The new arrangement was regarded as beginning on the 22nd of September 1792, this day being chosen because on it the republic was proclaimed and because it was in this year the day of the autumnal equinox.