| 1 Thermidor | 20 Juillet " | 20 Juillet " | 20 Juillet " | 20 Juillet " | | | 1 Fructidor | 19 Aout " | 19 Aout " | 19 Aout " | 19 Aout " | | +-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+ | 1 Sans-culottides | 18 Septembre 1802 | 18 Septembre 1803 | 18 Septembre 1804 | 18 Septembre 1805 | | | 6 " | | 23 " " | | | | +-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+-------------------+ Some discussion took place about the nomenclature of the new divisions of time. Eventually this work was entrusted to Fabre d'Eglantine, who gave to each month a name taken from some seasonal event therein. Beginning with the new year on the 22nd of September the autumn months were _Vendemiaire_, the month of vintage, _Brumaire_, the months of fog, and _Frimaire_, the month of frost. The winter months were _Nivose_, the snowy, _Pluviose_, the rainy, and _Ventose_, the windy month; then followed the spring months, _Germinal_, the month of buds, _Floreal_, the month of flowers, and _Prairial_, the month of meadows; and lastly the summer months, _Messidor_, the month of reaping, _Thermidor_, the month of heat, and _Fructidor_, the month of fruit. To the days Fabre d'Eglantine gave names which retained the idea of their numerical order, calling them Primedi, Duodi, &c., the last day of the ten, the day of rest, being named Decadi. The new order was soon in force in France and the new method was employed in all public documents, but it did not last many years. In September 1805 it was decided to restore the Gregorian calendar, and the republican one was officially discontinued on the 1st of January 1806. It will easily be seen that the connecting link between the old and the new calendars is very slight indeed and that the expression of a date in one calendar in terms of the other is a matter of some difficulty. A simple method of doing this, however, is afforded by the table on the preceding page, which is taken from the article by J. Dubourdieu in _La Grande Encyclopedie_. Thus Robespierre was executed on 10 Thermidor An II., i.e. the 28th of July 1794. The insurrection of 12 Germinal An III. took place on the 1st of April 1795. The famous 18 Brumaire An VIII. fell on the 9th of November 1799, and the _coup d'etat_ of 18 Fructidor An V. on the 4th of September 1797. For a complete concordance of the Gregorian and the republican calendars see Stokvis, _Manuel d'histoire_, tome iii. (Leiden, 1889); also G. Villain, "Le Calendrier republicain," in _La Revolution Francaise_ for 1884-1885. (A. W. H.*)