Hesiod's earliest poem, the famous _Works and Days_, and according to
Boeotian testimony the only genuine one, embodies the experiences of his
daily life and work, and, interwoven with episodes of fable, allegory,
and personal history, forms a sort of Boeotian shepherd's calendar. The
first portion is an ethical enforcement of honest labour and dissuasive
of strife and idleness (1-383); the second consists of hints and rules
as to husbandry (384-764); and the third is a religious calendar of the
months, with remarks on the days most lucky or the contrary for rural or
nautical employments. The connecting link of the whole poem is the
author's advice to his brother, who appears to have bribed the corrupt
judges to deprive Hesiod of his already scantier inheritance, and to
whom, as he wasted his substance lounging in the agora, the poet more
than once returned good for evil, though he tells him there will be a
limit to this unmerited kindness. In the _Works and Days_ the episodes
which rise above an even didactic level are the "Creation and Equipment
of Pandora," the "Five Ages of the World" and the much-admired
"Description of Winter" (by some critics judged post-Hesiodic). The poem
also contains the earliest known fable in Greek literature, that of "The
Hawk and the Nightingale." It is in the _Works and Days_ especially that
we glean indications of Hesiod's rank and condition in life, that of a
stay-at-home farmer of the lower class, whose sole experience of the sea
was a single voyage of 40 yds. across the Euripus, and an old-fashioned
bachelor whose misogynic views and prejudice against matrimony have been
conjecturally traced to his brother Perses having a wife as extravagant
as himself.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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