Fleming, Meynell, Karl Hertwig (1798-1881), and others, have furnished
important information; but all these were put into the shade by the
researches of Pasteur.
The disease is communicated by the secretions of the mouth of the
affected animal entering a wound or abrasion of the human skin or mucous
membrane. In the great majority of cases (90%) this is due to the bite
of a rabid dog, but bites of rabid cats, wolves, foxes, jackals, &c. are
occasionally the means of conveying the disease. Numerous popular
fallacies still prevail on the subject of hydrophobia. Thus it is
supposed that the bite of an angry dog may produce the disease, and all
the more if the animal should subsequently develop symptoms of rabies.
The ground for this erroneous notion is the fact, which is
unquestionable, that animals in whom rabies is in the stage of
incubation, during which there are few if any symptoms, may by their
bites convey the disease, though fortunately during this early stage
they are little disposed to bite. The bite of a non-rabid animal,
however enraged, cannot give rise to hydrophobia.
The period of incubation of the disease, or that time which elapses
between the introduction of the virus and the development of the
symptoms, appears to vary in a remarkable degree, being in some cases as
short as a fortnight, and in others as long as several months or even
years. On an average it seems to be from about six weeks to three
months, but it mainly depends on the part bitten; bites on the head are
the most dangerous. The incubation period is also said to be shorter in
children. The rare instances of the appearance of hydrophobia many years
after the introduction of the poison are always more or less open to
question as to subsequent inoculation.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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