In 1611 Captain Hippon in the seventh separate voyage essayed a landing
at Pulicat, but was driven off by the Dutch, who were already settled
there, and sailed farther up the coast to Pettapoli, where he founded
the first English settlement in the Bay of Bengal, which finally
perished through pestilence in 1687. Captain Hippon, however, also
touched at Masulipatam, the chief sea-port of the kings of Golconda. In
1628 the Dutch won over the native governor there, and the English were
compelled to retreat to Armagon, where they built the first English fort
in India. In 1639 Francis Day, the chief at Armagon, founded Madras,
building Fort St George (1640), and transferring thither the chief
factory from Masulipatam. Here the English obtained their first grant of
Indian soil, apart from the plots on which their factories were built.
In 1653 Madras was raised to an independent presidency, and in 1658 all
the settlements in Bengal and on the Coromandel coast were made
subordinate to Fort St George.
Bengal settlements.
In 1633 eight Englishmen from Masulipatam, under Ralph Cartwright,
sailed northward to Harishpur near Cuttack on the mouth of the Mahanadi,
and entered into negotiations to trade with the governor of Orissa; and
in June 1633 Cartwright founded a factory at Balasore, which proved very
unhealthy. In 1651 the English reached Hugli, which was at that time the
chief port of Bengal; about that year Gabriel Boughton, a surgeon,
obtained from the Mogul viceroy permission for the English to trade in
Bengal. In 1657 Hugli became the head agency in Bengal, with Balasore
and Cossimbazar in the Gangetic delta and Patna in Behar under its
control. In that year the name of Job Charnock, the future founder of
Calcutta, appeared in the lowest grade of the staff.
Acquisition of Bombay.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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