Meantime Canning was manfully
playing his part at Calcutta. In the hour of danger he was undismayed,
as in the hour of victory he was just and merciful. He telegraphed for
reliefs from every available quarter, fortunately being able to divert
the troops then on their way to China. The native armies of Bombay and
Madras remained loyal, and the former in particular--thanks to Lord
Elphinstone--furnished valuable reinforcements. Sir Colin Campbell, a
veteran soldier whose laurels had been won in many battles from the
Peninsula to the Crimea, was despatched from England to take command of
the army in India. But even before he could arrive, the outspread of the
Mutiny had already been checked by the gallantry and skill of a mere
handful of Britons and their faithful native allies.
The Siege of Delhi.
Canning and Lawrence, at opposite ends of the disaffected districts,
alike perceived that Delhi was the centre of peril, and that all other
considerations must be subordinated to striking a decisive blow at that
historic city. Both flung to the winds the European rules of warfare,
which highly trained officers like Wilson had allowed to hamper their
movements. "Make as short work as possible of the rebels," wrote
Canning. "Where have we failed when we acted vigorously?" asked
Lawrence. Though the nominal commanders of the army which captured Delhi
were in turn Barnard, Reed and Wilson, the policy thus stated by Canning
and Lawrence was really carried out by their subordinates--Baird Smith,
Nicholson and Chamberlain. The Meerut troops, at last roused from their
inaction, joined Barnard on the 7th of June, after a successful affair
with the mutineers, and the next day the action of Badli-ki-Serai
enabled the British force to occupy the famous Ridge, which they never
abandoned till the final assault. At first the British troops,
outnumbered by more than three to one by the mutinous regiments alone,
were rather besieged than besiegers. Baird Smith indeed urged an
immediate assault upon Delhi, on the ground that audacity is the best
policy in Indian warfare; but it was not until the arrival of Nicholson
on the 7th of August with the last Punjab reinforcements that the force
was strong enough, in the opinion of its commander, to take offensive
action. On the 14th of September, after three days of artillery
preparation, the assault was delivered, under Nicholson's leadership.
Two practicable breaches had been made by the siege guns, and a party of
engineers under Home and Salkeld blew in the Kashmir gate. The assault
was successful, in so far as a firm lodgment was made in the city,
though the loss of Nicholson was a heavy price to pay for this success.
Wilson actually thought of retreating; but Baird Smith and Chamberlain
insisted on perseverance, and the city was captured after six days' hard
fighting. The mutineers were completely cowed; the king of Delhi was
taken and reserved for trial; and his sons were shot by Captain Hodson,
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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