But while such men went out into the world and brought back wealth of
one kind or another to Palestine, other Jews were content to make their
homes in foreign parts. At Alexandria in particular Alexander provided
for a Jewish colony which soon became Hellenic enough in speech to
require a translation of the Law. It is probable that, as in Palestine
an Aramaic paraphrase of the Hebrew text was found to be necessary, so
in Alexandria the Septuagint grew up gradually, as need arose. The
legendary tradition which even Philo accepts gives it a formal nativity,
a royal patron and inspired authors. From the text which Philo uses, it
is probable that the translation had been transmitted in writing; and
his legend probably fixes the date of the commencement of the
undertaking for the reign of Ptolemy Lagus.
The apology for the necessary defects of a translation put forward by
the translator of _Ecclesiasticus_ in his Prologue shows that the work
was carried on beyond the limits of the Law. Apparently it was in
progress at the time of his coming to Egypt in the reign of Ptolemy
Euergetes I. or II. He seems to regard this body of literature as the
answer to the charge that the Jews had contributed nothing useful for
human life. Once translated into Greek, the Scriptures became a bond
of union for the Jews of the dispersion and were at least capable of
being used as an instrument for the conversion of the world to
Judaism. So far as the latter function is concerned Philo confesses
that the Law in his day shared the obscurity of the people, and seems
to imply that the proselytes adopted little more than the monotheistic
principle and the observance of the Sabbath. According to Juvenal the
sons of such proselytes were apt to go farther and to substitute the
Jewish Law for the Roman--
Romanas autem soliti contemnere leges;
Judaicum ediscunt et servant ac metuunt ius
Tradidit arcano quodcunque volumine Moyses.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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