58. _Statistics._--Owing to the absence of a religious census in several important countries, the Jewish population of the world can only be given by inferential estimate. The following approximate figures are taken from the _American Jewish Year-Book_ for 1909-1910 and are based on similar estimates in the English _Jewish Year-Book_, the _Jewish Encyclopedia_, Nossig's _Jüdische Statistik_ and the _Reports_ of the Alliance Israélite Universelle. According to these estimates the total Jewish population of the world in the year named was approximately 11,500,000. Of this total there were in the British Empire about 380,000 Jews (British Isles 240,000, London accounts for 150,000 of these; Canada and British Columbia 60,000; India 18,000; South Africa 40,000). The largest Jewish populations were those of Russia (5,215,000), Austria-Hungary (2,084,000), United States of America (1,777,000), Germany (607,000, of whom 409,000 were in Prussia), Turkey (463,000, of whom some 78,000 resided in Palestine), Rumania (250,000), Morocco (109,000) and Holland (106,000). Others of the more important totals are: France 95,000 (besides Algeria 63,000 and Tunis 62,000); Italy 52,000; Persia 49,000; Egypt 39,000; Bulgaria 36,000; Argentine Republic 30,000; Tripoli 19,000; Turkestan and Afghanistan 14,000; Switzerland and Belgium each 12,000; Mexico 9000; Greece 8000; Servia 6000; Sweden and Cuba each 4000; Denmark 3500; Brazil and Abyssinia (Falashas) each 3000; Spain and Portugal 2500; China and Japan 2000. There are also Jews in Curaçoa, Surinam, Luxemburg, Norway, Peru, Crete and Venezuela; but in none of these does the Jewish population much exceed 1000. BIBLIOGRAPHY.--H. GRAETZ, _Geschichte der Juden_ (11 vols., 1853-1875; several subsequent editions of separate volumes; Eng. trans. 5 vols., 1891-1892); the works of L. Zunz; _Jewish Encyclopedia passim_; publications of Jewish societies, such as _Études Juives_, Jewish historical societies of England and America, German historical commission, Julius Barasch society (Rumania), Societas Litteraria Hungarico-Judaica, the Viennese communal publications, and many others to which may be added the 20 vols. of the _Jewish Quarterly Review_; Scherer, _Rechtsverhältnisse der Juden_ (1901); M. Güdemann _Geschichte des Erziehungswesens und der Cultur der Juden_ (1880, &c.); A. Leroy-Beaulieu, _Israel among the Nations_ (1895); I. Abrahams, _Jewish Life in the Middle Ages_ (1896); G. F. Abbott, _Israel in Europe_ (1905); G. Caro, _Wirtschaftsgeschichte der Juden_ (1908); M. Philippson, _Neueste Geschichte des jüdischen Volkes_ (1907, &c.); Nossig, _Jüdische Statistik_ (1903); and such special works as H. Gross, _Gallia Judaica_ (1897), &c. (I. A.) FOOTNOTES: