[40] From Têma in north Arabia, also, there is monumental evidence of the 5th century B.C. for Babylonian and Assyrian influence upon the language, cult and art. For Nippur, see _Bab. Exped. of Univ. of Pennsylvania_, series A., vol. ix. (1898), by H. V. Hilprecht; for Elephantine, the Mond papyri, A. H. Sayce and A. E. Cowley, _Aramaic Papyri Discovered at Assuan_ (1906), and those cited above (p. 282, n. 1). For the Jewish colonies in general, see H. Guthe, _Ency. Bib._, art. "Dispersion" (with references); also below, § 25 sqq. [41] See EZRA AND NEHEMIAH with bibliographical references, also T. K. Cheyne, _Introd. to Isaiah_ (1895); _Jew. Religious Life after the Exile_ (1898); E. Sellin, _Stud. z. Entstehungsgesch. d. jüd. Gemeinde_ (1901); R. H. Kennett in Swete's _Cambridge Biblical Essays_ (pp. 92 sqq.); G. Jahn, _Die Bücher Esra u. Nehemja_ (1909); and C. C. Torrey, _Ezra Studies_ (1910). [42] There is an obvious effort to preserve the continuity of tradition (a) in Ezra ii. which gives a list of families who returned from exile each to its own city, and (b) in the return of the holy vessels in the time of Cyrus (contrast 1 Esdras iv. 43 seq.), a view which, in spite of Dan. i. 2, v. 2 seq., conflicts with 2 Kings xxiv. 13 and xxv. 13 (see, however, v. 14). That attempts have been made to adjust contradictory representations is suggested by the prophecy ascribed to Jeremiah (xxvii. 16 sqq.) where the restoration of the holy vessels finds no place in the shorter text of the Septuagint (see W. R. Smith, _Old Test. and Jew. Church_, pp. 104 sqq.). [43] The view that Deuteronomy is later than the 7th century has been suggested by M. Vernes, _Nouvelle hypothèse sur la comp. et l'origine du Deut._ (1887); Havet, _Christian. et ses origines_ (1878); Horst, in _Rev. de l'hist. des relig._, 1888; and more recently by E. Day, _Journ. Bib. Lit._ (1902), pp. 202 sqq.; and R. H. Kennett, _Journ. Theol. Stud._ (1906), pp. 486 sqq. The strongest counter-arguments (see W. E. Addis, _Doc. of Hexat._ ii. 2-9) rely upon the historical trustworthiness of 2 Kings xxii. seq. Weighty reasons are brought also by conservative writers against the theory that Deuteronomy dates from or about the age of Josiah, and their objections to the "discovery" of a new law-roll apply equally to the "re-discovery" and promulgation of an old and authentic code.