See Panvinio, continuator of Platina, _De Vitis Pontiff. Rom._; Ciaconius, _Vitae et res gestae summorum Pontiff. Rom._ (Rome, 1601-1602) (both contemporaries of Julius III.); Ranke, _Popes_ (Eng. trans., Austin), i. 276 seq.; v. Reumont, _Gesch. der Stadt Rom._, iii. 2, 503 seq.; Brosch, _Gesch. des Kirchenstaates_ (1880), i. 189 seq.; and extended bibliography in Herzog-Hauck, _Realencyklopädie_, s.v. "Julius III." (T. F. C.) JULLIEN, LOUIS ANTOINE (1812-1860), musical conductor, was born at Sisteron, Basses Alpes, France, on the 23rd of April 1812, and studied at the Paris conservatoire. His fondness for the lightest forms of music cost him his position in the school, and after conducting the band of the Jardin Turc he was compelled to leave Paris to escape his creditors, and came to London, where he formed a good orchestra and established promenade concerts. Subsequently he travelled to Scotland, Ireland and America with his orchestra. For many years he was a familiar figure in the world of popular music in England, and his portly form with its gorgeous waistcoats occurs very often in the early volumes of _Punch_. He brought out an opera, _Pietro il Grande_, at Covent Garden (1852) on a scale of magnificence that ruined him, for the piece was a complete failure. He was in America until 1854, when he returned to London for a short time; ultimately he went back to Paris, where, in 1859, he was arrested for debt and put into prison. He lost his reason soon afterwards, and died on the 14th of March 1860. JULLUNDUR, or JALANDHAR, a city of British India, giving its name to a district and a division in the Punjab. The city is 260 m. by rail N.W. of Delhi. Pop. (1901), 67,735. It is the headquarters of a brigade in the 3rd division of the northern army. There are an American Presbyterian mission, a government normal school, and high schools supported by Hindu bodies. The DISTRICT OF JULLUNDUR occupies the lower part of the tract known as the Jullundur Doab, between the rivers Sutlej and Beas, except that it is separated from the Beas by the state of Kapurthala. Area, 1431 sq. m. Pop. (1901), 917,587, showing an increase of 1% in the decade; the average density is 641 persons per square mile, being the highest in the province. Cotton-weaving and sugar manufacture are the principal industries for export trade, and silk goods and wheat are also exported. The district is crossed by the main line of the North-Western railway from Phillaur towards Amritsar.