AUTHORITIES.--The best edition of the _Letters of Junius_, properly so called, with the _Miscellaneous Letters_, is that of J. Ward (1854). The most valuable contributions to the controversy as to the authorship are: _The Handwriting of Junius investigated by Charles Chabot, expert, with preface and collateral evidence by the Hon. E. Twisleton_ (1871); _Memoirs of Sir Philip Francis, K.C.B._, by Parkes and Merivale (1867); _Junius Revealed by his Surviving Grandson_, by H. R. Francis (1894); _The Francis Letters_, edited by Beata Francis and Eliza Keary, with a note on the Junius controversy by C. F. Keary (1901); and "Francis, Sir Philip," by Sir Leslie Stephen, in _Dict. of Nat. Biog._ The case for those who decline to accept the claim of Sir Philip Francis is stated by C. W. Dilke, _Papers of a Critic_ (1875), and Abraham Hayward, _More about Junius, Franciscan Theory Unsound_ (1868). (D. H.) JUNIUS, FRANZ (in French, François du Jon), the name of two Huguenot scholars. (1) FRANZ JUNIUS (1545-1602) was born at Bourges in France on the 1st of May 1545. He had studied law for two years under Hugo Donellus (1527-1591) when he was given a place in the retinue of the French ambassador to Constantinople, but before he reached Lyons the ambassador had departed. Junius found ample consolation in the opportunities for study at the gymnasium at Lyons. A religious tumult warned him back to Bourges, where he was cured of certain rationalistic principles that he had imbibed at Lyons, and he determined to enter the reformed church. He went in 1562 to study at Geneva, where he was reduced to the direst poverty by the failure of remittances from home, owing to civil war in France. He would accept only the barest sustenance from a humble friend who had himself been a protégé of Junius's family at Bourges, and his health was permanently injured. The long-expected remittance from home was closely followed by the news of the brutal murder of his father by a Catholic fanatic at Issoudun; and Junius resolved to remain at Geneva, where his reputation enabled him to live by teaching. In 1565, however, he was appointed minister of the Walloon church at Antwerp. His foreign birth excluded him from the privileges of the native reformed pastors, and exposed him to persecution. Several times he barely escaped arrest, and finally, after spending six months in preaching at Limburg, he was forced to retire to Heidelberg in 1567. There he was welcomed by the elector Frederick II., and temporarily settled in charge of the Walloon church at Schönau; but in 1568 his patron sent him as chaplain with Prince William of Orange in his unfortunate expedition to the Netherlands. Junius escaped as soon as he could from that post, and returning to his church remained there till 1573. From 1573 till 1578 he was at Heidelberg, assisting Emmanuel Tremellius (1510-1580), whose daughter he married, in his Latin version of the Old Testament