EDITIONS.--Complete editions of Kant's works are as follows: (1) G. Hartenstein (Leipzig, 1838-1839, 10 vols.); (2) K. Rosenkranz and F. W. Schubert (Leipzig, 1838-1840, 12 vols., the 12th containing a history of the Kantian school); (3) G. Hartenstein, "in chronological order" (Leipzig, 1867-1869, 8 vols.); (4) Kirchmann (in the "Philosophische Bibliothek," Berlin, 1868-1873, 8 vols, and supplement); (5) under the auspices of the Koniglich Preussische Akademie der Wissenschaften, a new collected edition was begun in 1900 (vol. ii., 1906) in charge of a number of editors. It was planned in four sections: Works, Letters, MSS. Remains and _Vorlesungen_. There are also useful editions of the three _Kritiks_ by Kehrbach, and critical editions of the _Prolegomena_ and _Kritik der reinen Vernunft_ by B. Erdmann (see also his _Beitrage zur Geschichte und Revision des Textes von Kants Kritik der reinen Vernunft_ (1900). A useful selection (in English) is that of John Watson, _The Philosophy of Kant_ (Glasgow, 1888). TRANSLATIONS.--There are translations in all the principal languages. The chief English translators are J. P. Mahaffy, W. Hastie, T. K. Abbott, J. H. Bernard and Belfort Bax. Their versions have been mentioned in the section on "Works" above. BIOGRAPHICAL.--Schubert in the 11th vol. of Rosenkranz's edition; Borowski, _Darstellung des Lebens und Charakters Kants_ (Konigsberg, 1804); Wasianski, _Kant in seinen letzten Lebensjahren_ (Konigsberg, 1804); Stuckenberg, _The Life of Immanuel Kant_ (1882); Rudolf Reicke, _Kants Briefwechsel_ (1900). See also several of the critical works below. On Kant's portraits see D. Minden, _Ueber Portraits und Abbildungen Imm. Kants_ (1868) and cf. frontispieces of _Kantstudien_ (as above).