AUTHORITIES.--Royal Commission on Liquor Licensing Laws 1896-1899, Reports and Appendices; Licensing Statistics of England and Wales, annual. Canada Year-book; New Zealand Year-book; _Code de Commerce_, France; _Gewerbeordnung_, German Empire; Hand-book of Canada (British Association); _New Encyclopedia of Social Reform; Brewers' Almanack_; Committee of Fifty (New York), _The Liquor Problem in its Legislative Aspects_ (F. H. Wines and J. Koren); E. L. Fanshawe, _Liquor Legislation in the United States and Canada_; E.R.L. Gould, _The Gothenburg System_ (Special Report of the United States Commissioner of Labor); E. A. Pratt, _Licensing and Temperance in Sweden, Norway and Denmark_; J. Rowntree and A. Sherwell, _The Temperance Problem and Social Reform_; _The Taxation of the Liquor Trade_; A. Shadwell, _Drink, Temperance and Legislation_; Strauss und Torney, _Schanks-Konzessionswesen_; F. W. Thompson, _High Licence_. See also TEMPERANCE. (A. Sl.) FOOTNOTE: [1] In 1908 local option was adopted in Ohio. LIRA, the Italian name (Lat. _libra_, pound) for a silver coin, the Italian unit of value in the Latin Monetary Union, corresponding to the French, Swiss and Belgian franc (q.v.), and the drachma of Greece, &c. The name is sometimes used of the Turkish pound, _medjidie_. LIRI, or GARIGLIANO (anc. _Liris_), a river of central Italy, which rises at Cappadocia, 7 m. W. of Avezzano, and traverses a beautiful valley between lofty mountains, running S.S.E. as far as Arce. This valley is followed by the railway from Avezzano to Roccasecca. At Isola del Liri are two fine waterfalls. Below Ceprano, the ancient Fregellae, after it has issued from the mountains, the Liri is joined by the Sacco (anc. _Trerus_) formed by the union of several torrents between Palestrina and Segni, and the Melfa from the mountains N.E. of Atina, and runs E. through a broader valley. It then turns S. again through the mountains S.W. of the Via Latina (the line of which is followed by the modern railway to Naples), keeping W. of Rocca Monfina, and falls into the sea just below Minturnae, after a course of 104 m. It is not navigable at any point.