[14] Socrates' reference of a discussion to its presuppositions
(Xenophon, _Mem._ iv. 6, 13) is not relevant for the history of the
terminology of induction.
[15] _Theaetetus_, 186c.
[16] Timaeus, 37a, b (quoted in H. F. Carlill's translation of the
_Theaetetus_, p. 60).
[17] _Theaetetus_, 186d.
[18] Sophistes, 253d.
[19] _Ib. id._; cf. _Theaetetus_, 197d.
[20] Aristotle, _de An._ 430b 5, and generally iii. 2, iii. 5.
[21] For Plato's Logic, the controversies as to the genuineness of
the dialogues may be treated summarily. The _Theaetetus_ labours
under no suspicion. The _Sophistes_ is apparently matter for
animadversion by Aristotle in the _Metaphysics_ and elsewhere, but
derives stronger support from the testimonies to the _Politicus_
which presumes it. The _Politicus_ and _Philebus_ are guaranteed by
the use made of them in Aristotle's Ethics. The rejection of the
_Parmenides_ would involve the paradox of a nameless contemporary of
Plato and Aristotle who was inferior as a metaphysician to neither.
No other dialogue adds anything to the _logical_ content of these.
Granted their genuineness, the relative dating of three of them is
given, viz. _Theaetetus_, _Sophistes_ and _Politicus_ in the order
named. The _Philebus_ seems to presuppose _Politicus_, 283-284, but
if this be an error, it will affect the logical theory not at all.
There remains the _Parmenides_. It can scarcely be later than the
_Sophistes_. The antinomies with which it concludes are more
naturally taken as a prelude to the discussion of the _Sophistes_
than as an unnecessary retreatment of the doctrine of the one and the
many in a more negative form. It may well be earlier than the
_Theaetetus_ in its present form. The stylistic argument shows the
_Theaetetus_ relatively early. The maturity of its philosophic
outlook tends to give it a place relatively advanced in the Platonic
canon. To meet the problem here raised, the theory has been devised
of an earlier and a later version. The first may have linked on to
the series of Plato's dialogues of search, and to put the
_Parmenides_ before it is impossible. The second, though it might
still have preceded the _Parmenides_ might equally well have followed
the negative criticism of that dialogue, as the beginning of
reconstruction. For Plato's logic this question only has interest on
account of the introduction of an [Greek: Aristotelês] in a
non-speaking part in the _Parmenides_. If this be pressed as
suggesting that the philosopher Aristotle was already in full
activity at the date of writing, it is of importance to know what
Platonic dialogues were later than the début of his critical pupil.
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