BIBLIOGRAPHY.--Of the numerous pamphlets, especially of the years 1846-1848, we need only mention here: P. Erdmann, _Lola Montez und die Jesuiten_ (1847); _Geheimbericht über Bayern_ (1847), published by Fowmier in _Deutsche Revue_, vol. 27. See also F. v. Ritter, _Beiträge zur Regierungsgeschichte König Ludwigs I._ (1825-1826) (2 vols., 1853-1855); Sepp, _Ludwig I. Augustus, König von Bayern und das Zeitalter der Wiedergeburt der Künste_ (1869; 2nd ed., 1903); Ottokar Lorenz, _Drei Bücher Geschichte_ (1876; 2nd ed., 1879); K. Th. v. Heigel, _Ludwig I._ (1872; 2nd ed., 1888); "Ludwig I. und Martin Wagner," _Neue historische Vorträge_ (1883); "Ludwig I.," _Allgemeine deutsche Biographie_ (1884); "Ludwig I. als Freund der Geschichte" and "Kronprinz Ludwig in den Feldzügen von 1807 und 1809," in _Historische Vorträge und Studien_ (1887); _Die Verlegung der Universität nach München_, Rektoratsrede (1887); "Ludwig I. und die Münchener Hochschule," _Quellen und Abhandlungen zur Geschichte Bayerns_, n.s. (1890); "Ludwig I. als Erzieher seines Volkes," ib.; Reidelbach, _Ludwig I. und seine Kunstschöpfungen_ (1887; 2nd ed., 1888); L. Trose, _Ludwig I. in seinen Briefen an seinen Sohn, den König Otto von Griechenland_ (1891); L. v. Kobell, _Unter den vier ersten Königen Bayerns_ (1894); A. Fournier, "Aus den Tagen der Lola Montez," _Neue Deutsche Rundschau_ (1901); M. Doeberé, "Ludwig I. und die deutsche Frage," _Festgabe für Heigel_ (1903); E. Füchs, _Lola Montez in der Karrikatüre_ (1904); L. Brunner, _Nürnberg 1848-1849_ (1907). (J. Hn.) LOUIS II., king of Bavaria (1845-1886), son of his predecessor Maximilian II. and his wife Maria, daughter of Prince William of Prussia, was born at Nymphenburg on the 25th of August 1845. Together with his brother Otto, three years younger than himself, Louis received, in accordance with the wishes of his learned father, a simple and serious education modelled on that of the German _Gymnasien_, of which the classical languages are the chief feature. Of modern languages the crown prince learnt only French, of which he remained fond all his life. The practical value of the prince's training was small. It was not till he was eighteen years old that he received his first pocket-money, and at that age he had no ideas about money and its value. Military instruction, physical exercises and sport, in spite of the crown prince's strong physique, received little attention. Thus Louis did not come enough into contact with young men of his own age, and consequently soon developed a taste for solitude, which was found at an early age to be combined with the romantic tendencies and musical and theatrical tastes traditional in his family.