Besides the works mentioned above, Marat wrote: _Recherches physiques sur l'électricité, &c._ (1782); _Recherches sur l'électricité médicale_ (1783); _Notions élémentaires d'optique_ (1764); _Lettres de l'observateur Bon Sens à M. de M. ... sur la fatale catastrophe des infortunés Pilatre de Rozier et Romain, les aéronautes et l'aérostation_ (1785); _Observations de M. l'amateur Avec à M. l'abbé Sans ... &c._, (1785); _Éloge de Montesquieu_ (1785), published 1883 by M. de Bresetz; _Les Charlatans modernes, ou lettres sur le charlatanisme académique_ (1791); _Les Aventures du comte Potowski_ (published in 1847 by Paul Lacroix, the "bibliophile Jacob"); _Lettres polonaises_ (unpublished). Marat's works were published by A. Vermorel, _Oeuvres de J. P. Marat, l'ami du peuple, recueillies et annotées_ (1869). Two of his tracts, (1) _On Gleets_, (2) _A Disease of the Eyes_, were reprinted, ed. J. B. Bailey, in 1891. See A. Vermorel, _Jean Paul Marat_ (1880); François Chévremont, _Marat: esprit politique, accomp. de sa vie_ (2 vols., 1880); Auguste Cabanès, _Marat inconnu_ (1891); A. Bougeait, _Marat, l'ami du peuple_ (2 vols., 1865); M. Tourneux, _Bibliographie de l'histoire de Paris pendant la révolution française_ (vol. ii., 1894; vol. iv., 1906), and E. B. Bax, J. P. Marat (1900). _The Correspondance de Marat_ has been edited with notes by C. Villay (1908). (R. A.*) MARATHI (properly _Marathi_),[1] the name of an important Indo-Aryan language spoken in western and central India. In 1901 the number of speakers was 18,237,899, or about the same as the population of Spain. Marathi occupies an irregular triangular area of approximately 100,000 sq.m., having its apex about the district of Balaghat in the Central Provinces, and for its base the western coast of the peninsula from Daman on the Gulf of Cambay in the north to Karwar on the open Arabian Sea in the south. It covers parts of two provinces of British India--Bombay and the Central Provinces (including Berar)--with numerous settlers in Central India and Madras, and is also the principal language of Portuguese India and of the north-western portion of His Highness the Nizam's dominions. The standard form of speech is that of Poona in Bombay, and, in its various dialects it covers the larger part of that province, in which it is the vernacular of more than eight and a half millions of people.