See _Correspondance de Marie Louise 1799-1847_ (Vienna, 1887); J. A. Baron von Helfert, _Marie Louise_ (Vienna, 1873); E. Wertheimer, _Die Heirath der Erzherzogin Marie Louise mit Napoléon I._ (Vienna, 1882); and _The Duke of Reichstadt_ (Eng. ed., London, 1905). See also the _Memoirs_ of Bausset, Mme Durand Méneval and Metternich; and Max Billard, _The Marriage Ventures of Marie Louise_, English version by Evelyn duchess of Wellington (1910). MARIENBAD, a town of Bohemia, Austria, 115 m. W. of Prague by rail. Pop. (1900), 4588. It is one of the most frequented watering-places of Europe, lying on the outskirts of the Kaiserwald at an altitude of 2093 ft., and is 40 m. S.W. of Carlsbad by rail. Marienbad is enclosed on all sides except the south by gently sloping hills clad with fragrant pine forests, which are intersected by lovely walks. The principal buildings are: the Roman Catholic church, which was completed in 1851; the English church, the theatre, the _Kurhaus_, built in 1901, and several bathing establishments and hospitals. The mineral springs, which belong to the adjoining abbey of Tepl, are eight in number, and are used both for bathing and drinking, except the Marienquelle, which is used only for bathing. Some of them, like the Kreuzbrunnen and the Ferdinandsbrunnen, contain alkaline-saline waters which resemble those of Carlsbad, except that they are cold and contain nearly twice the quantity of purgative salts. Others, like the Ambrosiusbrunnen and the Karolinenbrunnen, are among the strongest iron waters in the world, while the Rudolfsbrunnen is an earthy-alkaline spring. The waters are used in cases of liver affections, gout, diabetes and obesity; and the patients must conform during the cure to a strictly regulated diet. Besides the mineral water baths there are also _moor_ or mud-baths, and the peat used for these baths is the richest in iron in the world. About 1,000,000 bottles of mineral water are exported annually.