Engineers and their triumphs: the story of the locomotive, the steamship, bridge building, tunnel makingHolmes, F. M. (Frederic Morell)
History
Engineers and their triumphs: the story of the locomotive, the steamship, bridge building, tunnel making
Holmes, F. M. (Frederic Morell)
Engineering; Engineers
About five years after the birth of the _Teutonic_ the newspapers
recorded, in May, 1894, that the _Lucania_, sister ship to the
_Campania_, and one of the newest Cunarders, had performed the journey
across the Atlantic in 5 days, 13 hours, and 28 minutes. Her average
speed was 22¼ knots, or 25·7 land miles per hour, marking one of the
quickest runs then ever recorded; and about the same time came the news
that the P. & O. steamer _Himalaya_ had completed a mail transit from
Bombay of 12½ days, and as her voyage to Bombay had been just over 13
days—the best outward passage—she had completed a round mail transit to
Bombay and back, excluding stoppages, of 25½ days.
A little later, in the same year, the torpedo-boat destroyer, _Hornet_,
built by Messrs. Yarrow & Co., of Poplar, for the British Navy,
achieved, it is said, about 27 knots; that is, roughly speaking, near
to 29 or 30 miles an hour, which speed proclaimed her to be then
one of the fastest steamships in the world. She was fitted with the
Yarrow water-tube boilers, which are both light and strong, while the
consumption of coal was said to be remarkably small. She has two sets
of triple-expansion inverted engines.
Again, a short time later, Messrs. Thorneycroft, of Chiswick, obtained
similar results with the _Daring_, another boat of the same kind built
for the British Government, and fitted with the Thorneycroft improved
water-tube boilers. These, it is claimed, will raise steam from cold
water in fifteen minutes. She passed the measured mile on the Maplin at
the high speed of 29¼ miles an hour.
In the same summer a Company put on a fine steamer for service on
the Thames and the English Channel, called _La Marguerite_, which
developed, it is said, a speed of 25 miles an hour, which would make
her one of the fastest passenger vessels then afloat.
Another Company has also a noteworthy vessel running on the Estuary
of the Thames—viz., the _London Belle_, plying from London Bridge to
Clacton-on-Sea. She is a triple-expansion paddle boat, and the first
river steamer fitted with three crank triple-expansion paddle engines.
She was built by Denny of Dumbarton, and can develop a speed of 19½
knots—_i.e._, twenty-three statute miles per hour, and is worked with
great economy of coal consumption.
An example of a quadruple-expansion engine steamer may be found in the
_Tantallon Castle_, one of the newest vessels for voyaging to South
Africa. She is 456 feet long, over 50 broad, with a gross tonnage
of 5636. She is fitted with quadruple-expansion engines of 7500
horse-power, and the stoke holes are well ventilated by large fans
speeding round with great swiftness.
Improvements in steamship building had gone steadily on; and it is safe
to say that a pound of coal, after the compounding principle came fully
into use, did four or five times the work it accomplished before high
pressure engines were fully utilised.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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